@article{ab1b49a8d0c9499c8cd24d4434dd9cd1,
title = "Three-dimensional growth of breast cancer cells potentiates the anti-tumor effects of unacylated ghrelin and azp-531",
abstract = "Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women and notwithstanding important therapeutic advances, remains the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Despite extensive research relating to the hormone ghrelin, responsible for the stimulation of growth hormone release and appetite, little is known of the effects of its unacylated form, especially in cancer. The present study aimed to characterize effects of unacylated ghrelin on breast cancer cells, define its mechanism of action, and explore the therapeutic potential of unacylated ghrelin or analog AZP-531. We report potent anti-tumor effects of unacylated ghrelin, dependent on cells being cultured in 3D in a biologically-relevant extracellular matrix. The mechanism of unacylated ghrelin-mediated growth inhibition involves activation of Gai and suppression of MAPK signaling. AZP-531 also suppresses the growth of breast cancer cells in vitro and in xenografts, and may be a novel approach for the safe and effective treatment of breast cancer.",
author = "Au, {Cheukman C.} and Furness, {John B.} and Kara Britt and Sofya Oshchepkova and Heta Ladumor and Soo, {Kai Ying} and Brid Callaghan and Celine Gerard and Giorgio Inghirami and Vivek Mittal and Yufeng Wang and Huang, {Xin Yun} and Spector, {Jason A.} and Eleni Andreopoulou and Paul Zumbo and Doron Betel and Lukas Dow and Brown, {Kristy A.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank R Clarke, J Yun, B Vogelstein, M Brown for providing cell lines. We are grateful to D Gough (BRAF transient transfections), J Albeck (EKAR and AKT activity assay) and M Foronda (CRISPR) for provision of reagents and valuable experimental advice. We acknowledge S Yomtoubian for providing information relating to TNBC subtype and T Pham for assistance with data analysis. We are indebted J Cain, SN Jayasekara and M Docanto for assistance with in vivo work; the Monash Micro Imaging Facility, Monash Animal Research Platform, MHTP Medical Genomics Facility, MHTP Flow Cytometry Facility and Research Animal Resource Center at Weill Cornell Medicine for valuable discussions and comments. National Breast Cancer Foundation NC-14-011 Kristy A Brown State Government of Victoria Kristy A Brown National Health and Medical Research Council GNT1007714 Kristy A Brown The Endocrine Society of Australia Kristy A Brown National Breast Cancer Foundation ECF-16-004 Kristy A Brown National Breast Cancer Foundation Kara Britt. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Au et al. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
year = "2020",
month = jul,
doi = "10.7554/eLife.56913",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "9",
pages = "1--27",
journal = "eLife",
issn = "2050-084X",
publisher = "eLife Sciences Publications",
}