TY - JOUR
T1 - The Human Microbiome and Probiotics
T2 - Implications for Pediatrics
AU - Hsieh, Michael H.
AU - Versalovic, James
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge Tiffany Morgan for assistance with manuscript preparation. M.H. has research support from the American Urological Association Foundation, Society of Pediatric Urology, Spina Bifida Association, and Thrasher Research Fund. J.V. currently receives support from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (NIDDK R01 DK065075; NCCAM R21 AT003482; NCCAM R01 ATT004326), the Office of Naval Research, and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA).
Copyright:
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2008/11
Y1 - 2008/11
N2 - Advances in the science of probiotics in the 21st century will be fueled by human microbiome research and functional genomics of beneficial microbes. These indigenous microbes or "old friends" facilitate digestion, absorption of vitamins, development of robust immune responses, and suppression of pathogens. Two primary pipelines will serve as development strategies for new probiotics in human medicine. First, identification of genes responsible for key probiotic functions will enable derivation of genetically modified organisms, or so-called "designer strains," that will represent improved engineered alternatives to natural probiotic strains for specific biomedical applications. Second, candidate probiotic strains isolated from natural sources (human, animal, or food) can be compared systematically by functional genomics and systems biology. Optimal or "ideal" natural probiotics can then be selected for specific probiotics applications in medicine. Many additional laboratory and clinical studies must be performed in the future to clarify mechanisms of probiosis and matching of specific probiotics or synbiotics with specific disease phenotypes in children. In summary, humans have utilized beneficial bacteria via the diet throughout human history. Investigator-initiated research and mega-science as in the Human Microbiome Project will drive accelerated development of probiotics for prevention and treatment of many pediatric disorders now and in the future.
AB - Advances in the science of probiotics in the 21st century will be fueled by human microbiome research and functional genomics of beneficial microbes. These indigenous microbes or "old friends" facilitate digestion, absorption of vitamins, development of robust immune responses, and suppression of pathogens. Two primary pipelines will serve as development strategies for new probiotics in human medicine. First, identification of genes responsible for key probiotic functions will enable derivation of genetically modified organisms, or so-called "designer strains," that will represent improved engineered alternatives to natural probiotic strains for specific biomedical applications. Second, candidate probiotic strains isolated from natural sources (human, animal, or food) can be compared systematically by functional genomics and systems biology. Optimal or "ideal" natural probiotics can then be selected for specific probiotics applications in medicine. Many additional laboratory and clinical studies must be performed in the future to clarify mechanisms of probiosis and matching of specific probiotics or synbiotics with specific disease phenotypes in children. In summary, humans have utilized beneficial bacteria via the diet throughout human history. Investigator-initiated research and mega-science as in the Human Microbiome Project will drive accelerated development of probiotics for prevention and treatment of many pediatric disorders now and in the future.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.cppeds.2008.09.001
DO - 10.1016/j.cppeds.2008.09.001
M3 - Article
C2 - 18992706
AN - SCOPUS:55149083135
VL - 38
SP - 309
EP - 327
JO - Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care
JF - Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care
SN - 1538-5442
IS - 10
ER -