Systemic infections of neuro-ophthalmic significance

In summary, infectious diseases may produce localizing or nonlocalizing neuro-ophthalmic findings. Specific signs and symptoms are dependent on location of the infection (eg, brain abscess, meningitis, meningoencephalitis) and may be produced by any number of individual organisms. Correct identification of the specific causative organism and appropriate directed therapy are critical in these patients. A few infectious agents have distinctive presentations and the ophthalmologist should be aware of these specific neuro-ophthalmic findings.