Structural relations between DSM-5 PTSD and major depression symptoms in military soldiers

Jon D. Elhai; Ateka A. Contractor; Marijo Tamburrino; Thomas H. Fine; Gregory Cohen; Edwin Shirley; Philip K. Chan; Israel Liberzon; Joseph R. Calabrese; Sandro Galea

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.034

Structural relations between DSM-5 PTSD and major depression symptoms in military soldiers

Jon D. Elhai, Ateka A. Contractor, Marijo Tamburrino, Thomas H. Fine, Gregory Cohen, Edwin Shirley, Philip K. Chan, Israel Liberzon, Joseph R. Calabrese, Sandro Galea

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

64 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are frequently comorbid. One explanation for this comorbidity is that PTSD has a constellation of "dysphoria" symptoms resembling depression. Method Using confirmatory factor analysis we tested the role of DSM-5 PTSD's dysphoria factor in relation to MDD symptom dimensions of somatic and non-somatic psychopathology. 672 Ohio National Guard soldiers completed DSM-5 measures of PTSD and MDD symptoms in an epidemiological study. Results Results indicated that in contrast to other PTSD factors, PTSD's dysphoria factor was more related to MDD's somatic and non-somatic factors. Limitations Limitations include generalizability to the epidemiological population of trauma-exposed military veterans rather than civilians, and reliance on self-report measures. Conclusions Implications concerning clinical psychopathology and comorbidity of PTSD are discussed, including whether PTSD should be refined by removing its non-specific symptoms.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	373-378
Number of pages	6
Journal	Journal of Affective Disorders
Volume	175
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.034
State	Published - Apr 1 2015

Keywords

Comorbidity
DSM-5
Factor analysis
Major depressive disorder
Military veterans
Posttraumatic stress disorder

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Clinical Psychology
Psychiatry and Mental health

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10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.034

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title = "Structural relations between DSM-5 PTSD and major depression symptoms in military soldiers",

abstract = "Background Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are frequently comorbid. One explanation for this comorbidity is that PTSD has a constellation of {"}dysphoria{"} symptoms resembling depression. Method Using confirmatory factor analysis we tested the role of DSM-5 PTSD's dysphoria factor in relation to MDD symptom dimensions of somatic and non-somatic psychopathology. 672 Ohio National Guard soldiers completed DSM-5 measures of PTSD and MDD symptoms in an epidemiological study. Results Results indicated that in contrast to other PTSD factors, PTSD's dysphoria factor was more related to MDD's somatic and non-somatic factors. Limitations Limitations include generalizability to the epidemiological population of trauma-exposed military veterans rather than civilians, and reliance on self-report measures. Conclusions Implications concerning clinical psychopathology and comorbidity of PTSD are discussed, including whether PTSD should be refined by removing its non-specific symptoms.",

keywords = "Comorbidity, DSM-5, Factor analysis, Major depressive disorder, Military veterans, Posttraumatic stress disorder",

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doi = "10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.034",

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AU - Elhai, Jon D.

AU - Contractor, Ateka A.

AU - Tamburrino, Marijo

AU - Fine, Thomas H.

AU - Cohen, Gregory

AU - Shirley, Edwin

AU - Chan, Philip K.

AU - Liberzon, Israel

AU - Calabrese, Joseph R.

AU - Galea, Sandro

PY - 2015/4/1

Y1 - 2015/4/1

N2 - Background Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are frequently comorbid. One explanation for this comorbidity is that PTSD has a constellation of "dysphoria" symptoms resembling depression. Method Using confirmatory factor analysis we tested the role of DSM-5 PTSD's dysphoria factor in relation to MDD symptom dimensions of somatic and non-somatic psychopathology. 672 Ohio National Guard soldiers completed DSM-5 measures of PTSD and MDD symptoms in an epidemiological study. Results Results indicated that in contrast to other PTSD factors, PTSD's dysphoria factor was more related to MDD's somatic and non-somatic factors. Limitations Limitations include generalizability to the epidemiological population of trauma-exposed military veterans rather than civilians, and reliance on self-report measures. Conclusions Implications concerning clinical psychopathology and comorbidity of PTSD are discussed, including whether PTSD should be refined by removing its non-specific symptoms.

AB - Background Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are frequently comorbid. One explanation for this comorbidity is that PTSD has a constellation of "dysphoria" symptoms resembling depression. Method Using confirmatory factor analysis we tested the role of DSM-5 PTSD's dysphoria factor in relation to MDD symptom dimensions of somatic and non-somatic psychopathology. 672 Ohio National Guard soldiers completed DSM-5 measures of PTSD and MDD symptoms in an epidemiological study. Results Results indicated that in contrast to other PTSD factors, PTSD's dysphoria factor was more related to MDD's somatic and non-somatic factors. Limitations Limitations include generalizability to the epidemiological population of trauma-exposed military veterans rather than civilians, and reliance on self-report measures. Conclusions Implications concerning clinical psychopathology and comorbidity of PTSD are discussed, including whether PTSD should be refined by removing its non-specific symptoms.

KW - Comorbidity

KW - DSM-5

KW - Factor analysis

KW - Major depressive disorder

KW - Military veterans

KW - Posttraumatic stress disorder

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Structural relations between DSM-5 PTSD and major depression symptoms in military soldiers

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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