@article{2a4438423fae41788811d01c58687342,
title = "Sequence-specific binding of glucocorticoid receptor to MTV DNA at sites within and upstream of the transcribed region",
abstract = "Glucocorticoid receptor protein stimulates transcription initiation within murine mammary tumor virus (MTV) DNA sequences in vivo, and interacts selectively with MTV DNA in vitro. We mapped and compared five regions of MTV DNA that are bound specifically by purified receptor; one resides upstream of the transcription start site, and the others are distributed within transcribed sequences between 4 and 8 kb from the initiation site. Each region contains at least two strong binding sites for receptor, which itself appears to be a tetramer of 94,000 dalton hormone-binding subunits. Three of the five binding regions contain nine nuclease footprints that lack extensive homology, although a family of related octanucleotides can be discerned. Receptor interacts with the different regions with similar efficiencies, suggesting that receptor affinity for upstream and internal regions may differ by less than one order of magnitude. Moreover, each region appears to be bound independent of the others. A restriction fragment containing four footprint sequences from one of the regions has previously been shown to act in vivo as a receptor-dependent transcriptional enhancer element, implying that the binding sites detected in vitro may be biologically functional.",
author = "Farhang Payvar and Donald DeFranco and Firestone, {Gary L.} and Bruce Edgar and {\"O}rjan Wrange and Sam Okret and Gustafsson, {Jan {\AA}ke} and Yamamoto, {Keith R.}",
note = "Funding Information: We are indebted to Robley Williams (University of California, Berkeley) for teaching us his electron microscopic procedures and to Mike McKinley, Stan Prusiner, and Mei Lie Wong for sharing their EM expertise and facilitres; we also thank John Majors for pMTV2, pMTV4, and pLTR1 DNA, Clive Dickson and John Majors for DNA sequence data, Jacques Drouin for cloned POMC DNA and information regarding its organization, and Sandy Johnson for advice on nuclease footprinting. We received many helpful suggestions on the manuscript from Hajo Delius, Bill Dynan, Sandy Johnson, Peter von Hippel, Robley Williams, and colleagues m our laboratories, and Kathleen Rarieses painstaktngly prepared countless drafls. Thus work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (to K. R. Y.) and the Swedish Medical Research Council (to J.-A. G.). K. R. Y. is a recipient of a Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Award. Postdoctoral fellowship support was from the Leukemra Society of America (to F. P,), the Damon Runyan-Walter Wrnchell Cancer Research Fund and the National Institutes of Health (to D. D.), the Cystrc Fibroas Foundation and the American Cancer Society, California Division (to G. L. F.), and the Swedish Medrcal Research Council (to 0. W.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges, This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact. Copyright: Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
year = "1983",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(83)90171-X",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "35",
pages = "381--392",
journal = "Cell",
issn = "0092-8674",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "2 PART 1",
}