Separation and purification of fullerenols for improved biocompatibility

Juan Li; Mingyi Zhang; Baoyun Sun; Gengmei Xing; Yan Song; Haili Guo; Yanan Chang; Yonghui Ge; Yuliang Zhao

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2011.08.073

Separation and purification of fullerenols for improved biocompatibility

Juan Li, Mingyi Zhang, Baoyun Sun, Gengmei Xing, Yan Song, Haili Guo, Yanan Chang, Yonghui Ge, Yuliang Zhao

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

45 Scopus citations

Abstract

Isoelectric focusing was used to separate the different components of fullerenols based on their different electronegativities induced by the surface chemical functionalities and structures. Purified fractions of fullerenols were analyzed and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that four fractions of fullerenols could be separated by isoelectric focusing, and all fractions had a general formula of C₆₀(OH)_m(O)_n where the values of m and n might vary with their isoelectric points. Results from the capillary electrophoresis studies showed that the negative surface charge densities were different among the fractions of fullerenols, which indicated that the net surface negative charge was determined by the degree of CO functionalization. In vitro cytotoxicity assays were also performed to determine the effect of purified fullerenols on cytotoxicity and DNA stability in Raw 264.7 cells. Although the fullerenols had low cytotoxicity, the composition of fullerenols with the highest negative charge density (-1.913 ± 0.008 × 10^-4 C) and smaller size (3.92 ± 0.71 nm) was found to induce DNA damage. Therefore, crude fullerenols must be separated and purified in order to obtain fullerenols with low degree of CO functionalization and good biocompatibility.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	460-469
Number of pages	10
Journal	Carbon
Volume	50
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2011.08.073
State	Published - Feb 2012

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Chemistry(all)
Materials Science(all)

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10.1016/j.carbon.2011.08.073

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title = "Separation and purification of fullerenols for improved biocompatibility",

abstract = "Isoelectric focusing was used to separate the different components of fullerenols based on their different electronegativities induced by the surface chemical functionalities and structures. Purified fractions of fullerenols were analyzed and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that four fractions of fullerenols could be separated by isoelectric focusing, and all fractions had a general formula of C60(OH)m(O)n where the values of m and n might vary with their isoelectric points. Results from the capillary electrophoresis studies showed that the negative surface charge densities were different among the fractions of fullerenols, which indicated that the net surface negative charge was determined by the degree of CO functionalization. In vitro cytotoxicity assays were also performed to determine the effect of purified fullerenols on cytotoxicity and DNA stability in Raw 264.7 cells. Although the fullerenols had low cytotoxicity, the composition of fullerenols with the highest negative charge density (-1.913 ± 0.008 × 10-4 C) and smaller size (3.92 ± 0.71 nm) was found to induce DNA damage. Therefore, crude fullerenols must be separated and purified in order to obtain fullerenols with low degree of CO functionalization and good biocompatibility.",

author = "Juan Li and Mingyi Zhang and Baoyun Sun and Gengmei Xing and Yan Song and Haili Guo and Yanan Chang and Yonghui Ge and Yuliang Zhao",

note = "Funding Information: We are thankful for the funding support from NSFC ( 2057107 , 10875136 ), the 973 program ( 2007CB935604 , 2009CB930204 , 2011CB933400 ), CAS ( KJC-NM2007 ), and CAS Knowledge Innovation Program. We thank the Life school of Beijing institute of technology for the CE detection study. We would like to acknowledge the scientists and other staff members at the Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility for their help with the XPS work. Copyright: Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

year = "2012",

month = feb,

doi = "10.1016/j.carbon.2011.08.073",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "50",

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T1 - Separation and purification of fullerenols for improved biocompatibility

AU - Li, Juan

AU - Zhang, Mingyi

AU - Sun, Baoyun

AU - Xing, Gengmei

AU - Song, Yan

AU - Guo, Haili

AU - Chang, Yanan

AU - Ge, Yonghui

AU - Zhao, Yuliang

N1 - Funding Information: We are thankful for the funding support from NSFC ( 2057107 , 10875136 ), the 973 program ( 2007CB935604 , 2009CB930204 , 2011CB933400 ), CAS ( KJC-NM2007 ), and CAS Knowledge Innovation Program. We thank the Life school of Beijing institute of technology for the CE detection study. We would like to acknowledge the scientists and other staff members at the Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility for their help with the XPS work. Copyright: Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2012/2

Y1 - 2012/2

N2 - Isoelectric focusing was used to separate the different components of fullerenols based on their different electronegativities induced by the surface chemical functionalities and structures. Purified fractions of fullerenols were analyzed and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that four fractions of fullerenols could be separated by isoelectric focusing, and all fractions had a general formula of C60(OH)m(O)n where the values of m and n might vary with their isoelectric points. Results from the capillary electrophoresis studies showed that the negative surface charge densities were different among the fractions of fullerenols, which indicated that the net surface negative charge was determined by the degree of CO functionalization. In vitro cytotoxicity assays were also performed to determine the effect of purified fullerenols on cytotoxicity and DNA stability in Raw 264.7 cells. Although the fullerenols had low cytotoxicity, the composition of fullerenols with the highest negative charge density (-1.913 ± 0.008 × 10-4 C) and smaller size (3.92 ± 0.71 nm) was found to induce DNA damage. Therefore, crude fullerenols must be separated and purified in order to obtain fullerenols with low degree of CO functionalization and good biocompatibility.

AB - Isoelectric focusing was used to separate the different components of fullerenols based on their different electronegativities induced by the surface chemical functionalities and structures. Purified fractions of fullerenols were analyzed and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that four fractions of fullerenols could be separated by isoelectric focusing, and all fractions had a general formula of C60(OH)m(O)n where the values of m and n might vary with their isoelectric points. Results from the capillary electrophoresis studies showed that the negative surface charge densities were different among the fractions of fullerenols, which indicated that the net surface negative charge was determined by the degree of CO functionalization. In vitro cytotoxicity assays were also performed to determine the effect of purified fullerenols on cytotoxicity and DNA stability in Raw 264.7 cells. Although the fullerenols had low cytotoxicity, the composition of fullerenols with the highest negative charge density (-1.913 ± 0.008 × 10-4 C) and smaller size (3.92 ± 0.71 nm) was found to induce DNA damage. Therefore, crude fullerenols must be separated and purified in order to obtain fullerenols with low degree of CO functionalization and good biocompatibility.

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Separation and purification of fullerenols for improved biocompatibility

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