Recurrent Pleural Effusion Associated With Candida Albicans Infection in Transplanted Kidney: A Case Report

Recurrent pleural effusions are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Pleural effusions are frequently seen in patients with chronic renal failure due to fluid retention. Pleural effusions in renal transplant patients are usually related to secondary pulmonary infections, surgical complications, drug toxicities, or post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). We describe an unusual cause of recurrent pleural effusion attributed to fungal infection in a transplanted kidney due to activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), successfully treated with antifungal medications that led to complete resolution of pleural effusion.