TY - JOUR
T1 - Progression of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-Associated Fibrosis in a Large Cohort of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
AU - Noureddin, Nabil
AU - Noureddin, Mazen
AU - Singh, Amandeep
AU - Alkhouri, Naim
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2022/4
Y1 - 2022/4
N2 - Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can progress to advanced fibrosis, especially in patients with type 2 diabetes. Small studies have shown that fibrosis can also regress. Aim: We aimed to provide large-scale data on progression and regression of fibrosis in diabetics with NAFLD. Methods: Adult diabetic patients with the diagnosis of NAFLD based on ICD-9 codes were identified. We used scores from noninvasive tests to identify patients with advanced fibrosis, calculated at first assessment and last follow-up visit. Cutoff values for advanced fibrosis were AST: ALT ratio > 1.4, AST to platelet ratio index > 1.5, FIB-4 score > 2.67, and NAFLD fibrosis score > 0.676. Results: Our cohort included 50,695 diabetics with NAFLD (55.3% female; 71% Caucasian; mean age, 51.2 ± 11.6 y). During median follow-up of 84.4 months, 25.8% transitioned from no advanced fibrosis to advanced fibrosis (progression), 6.4% transitioned from advanced fibrosis to no advanced fibrosis (regression), and the rest remained stable. Factors associated with transition to advanced fibrosis were female sex, older age at first evaluation, African-American race, obesity, chronic kidney disease, or coronary artery disease. Use of insulin increased the risk of progression to advanced fibrosis (odds ratio,1.36; p <.001), whereas use of oral hypoglycemic agents, angiotensin 2 receptor blockers, and fibrates was associated with reduced risk (odds ratios, 0.92, 0.94 and 0.90, respectively; all p <.05). Conclusions: In a large cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD, more than a quarter progressed to advanced fibrosis. These findings indicate the need for early detection and staging of NAFLD in diabetics.
AB - Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can progress to advanced fibrosis, especially in patients with type 2 diabetes. Small studies have shown that fibrosis can also regress. Aim: We aimed to provide large-scale data on progression and regression of fibrosis in diabetics with NAFLD. Methods: Adult diabetic patients with the diagnosis of NAFLD based on ICD-9 codes were identified. We used scores from noninvasive tests to identify patients with advanced fibrosis, calculated at first assessment and last follow-up visit. Cutoff values for advanced fibrosis were AST: ALT ratio > 1.4, AST to platelet ratio index > 1.5, FIB-4 score > 2.67, and NAFLD fibrosis score > 0.676. Results: Our cohort included 50,695 diabetics with NAFLD (55.3% female; 71% Caucasian; mean age, 51.2 ± 11.6 y). During median follow-up of 84.4 months, 25.8% transitioned from no advanced fibrosis to advanced fibrosis (progression), 6.4% transitioned from advanced fibrosis to no advanced fibrosis (regression), and the rest remained stable. Factors associated with transition to advanced fibrosis were female sex, older age at first evaluation, African-American race, obesity, chronic kidney disease, or coronary artery disease. Use of insulin increased the risk of progression to advanced fibrosis (odds ratio,1.36; p <.001), whereas use of oral hypoglycemic agents, angiotensin 2 receptor blockers, and fibrates was associated with reduced risk (odds ratios, 0.92, 0.94 and 0.90, respectively; all p <.05). Conclusions: In a large cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD, more than a quarter progressed to advanced fibrosis. These findings indicate the need for early detection and staging of NAFLD in diabetics.
KW - Advanced fibrosis
KW - Biomarkers
KW - Cirrhosis
KW - Natural history
KW - Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
KW - Noninvasive test
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85103383786&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85103383786&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10620-021-06955-x
DO - 10.1007/s10620-021-06955-x
M3 - Article
C2 - 33779880
AN - SCOPUS:85103383786
VL - 67
SP - 1379
EP - 1388
JO - Digestive Diseases and Sciences
JF - Digestive Diseases and Sciences
SN - 0163-2116
IS - 4
ER -