@article{736beed76a6445de9b2dc031a431a04e,
title = "Priorities and Progress in Gram-positive Bacterial Infection Research by the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group: A Narrative Review",
abstract = "The Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group (ARLG) has prioritized infections caused by gram-positive bacteria as one of its core areas of emphasis. The ARLG Gram-positive Committee has focused on studies responding to 3 main identified research priorities: (1) investigation of strategies or therapies for infections predominantly caused by gram-positive bacteria, (2) evaluation of the efficacy of novel agents for infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and (3) optimization of dosing and duration of antimicrobial agents for gram-positive infections. Herein, we summarize ARLG accomplishments in gram-positive bacterial infection research, including studies aiming to (1) inform optimal vancomycin dosing, (2) determine the role of dalbavancin in MRSA bloodstream infection, (3) characterize enterococcal bloodstream infections, (4) demonstrate the benefits of short-course therapy for pediatric community-acquired pneumonia, (5) develop quality of life measures for use in clinical trials, and (6) advance understanding of the microbiome. Future studies will incorporate innovative methodologies with a focus on interventional clinical trials that have the potential to change clinical practice for difficult-to-treat infections, such as MRSA bloodstream infections.",
keywords = "antibacterial agents, antibacterial resistance, gram-positive bacterial infections, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, Leadership, Sepsis/drug therapy, Humans, Gram-Positive Bacteria, Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Quality of Life, Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/drug therapy, Child",
author = "Doernberg, {Sarah B.} and Arias, {Cesar A.} and Deena Altman and Ahmed Babiker and Creech, {C. Buddy} and Boucher, {Helen W.} and Cosgrove, {Sara E.} and Scott Evans and Fowler, {Vance G.} and Stephanie Fritz and Toshimitsu Hamasaki and Brendan Kelly and Sixto Leal and Catherine Liu and Lodise, {Thomas P.} and Miller, {Loren G.} and Munita, {Jose M.} and Murray, {Barbara E.} and Melinda Pettigrew and Felicia Ruffin and Marc Scheetz and Bo Shopsin and Cecilia Tran and Nicholas Turner and Derek Williams and Smitha Zaharoff and Thomas Holland and {Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group (ARLG)}",
note = "Funding Information: Vancomycin-resistant enterococci present major therapeutic challenges, particularly for critically ill or immunocompromised patients []. Optimal treatment is not well-defined as prior clinical outcome data are from studies with significant limitations, including retrospective design, single-center involvement, and/or lacking defined epidemiology of infecting organisms []. In 2015, an ESI Seed Grant from ARLG supported a young investigator at the time (Dr Jose M. Munita, mentored by Dr Cesar A. Arias) to launch the multicenter Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci Outcomes Study (VENOUS) to describe the clinical characteristics of enterococcal BSI. VENOUS I started with 3 US medical systems and subsequently expanded to additional sites in the US (n = 8), South America (n = 4), Europe (n = 2), and South Korea (n = 1) (VENOUS II). VENOUS II is now supported by an independent grant from the NIH (R01 AI148342) with expected enrollment of up to 1000 patients by 2025. Funding Information: Financial support. Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) of the National Institutes of Health (award number UM1AI104681). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.",
year = "2023",
month = oct,
day = "15",
doi = "10.1093/cid/ciad565",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "77",
pages = "S295--S304",
journal = "Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America",
issn = "1058-4838",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "Suppl 4",
}