Premature Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: What Have We Learned Recently?

Dhruv Mahtta, Umair Khalid, Arunima Misra, Zainab Samad, Khurram Nasir, Salim S. Virani

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

24 Scopus citations

Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In contrast to patients with non-premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), patients with premature ASCVD have not observed a similar decline in cardiovascular mortality and recurrent adverse events. We sought to review the underlying risk factors, potential gaps in medical management, associated outcomes, and tools for risk prognostication among patients with premature ASCVD.

RECENT FINDINGS: In addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors (i.e., diabetes, familial hypercholesterolemia), non-traditional risk factors such as chronic inflammatory conditions, recreational drug use, genetics, and pregnancy-related complications play a key role in development and progression of premature ASCVD. Patients with premature ASCVD, and especially women, receive less optimal medical management as compared to their non-premature counterparts. There is an increasing prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among young adults. Hence, this population remains at an elevated risk for premature ASCVD and subsequent adverse cardiovascular events. Future studies evaluating different risk assessment tools and focusing on young patients across all three major domains of ASCVD are needed.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number44
Pages (from-to)44
JournalCurrent Atherosclerosis Reports
Volume22
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 16 2020

Keywords

  • ASCVD
  • Gender disparity
  • ICVD
  • IHD
  • MI
  • PAD
  • Premature ASCVD
  • Risk prognostication
  • Young
  • Diabetes Complications
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Assessment
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Risk Factors
  • Male
  • Atherosclerosis/epidemiology
  • Young Adult
  • United States/epidemiology
  • Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/complications
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Adult
  • Female
  • Aged

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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