TY - JOUR
T1 - No severe bottleneck during human evolution
T2 - Evidence from two apolipoprotein C-II deficiency alleles
AU - Xiong, W.
AU - Li, W. H.
AU - Posner, I.
AU - Yamamura, T.
AU - Yamamoto, A.
AU - Gotto, A. M.
AU - Chan, L.
PY - 1991
Y1 - 1991
N2 - The DNA sequences of a Japanese and a Venezuelan apolipoprotein (apo) C-II deficiency allele, of a normal Japanese apo C-II gene, and of a chimpanzee apo C-II gene were amplified by PCR, and their nucleotide sequences were determined on multiple clones of the PCR products. The normal Japanese sequence is identical to - and the chimpanzee sequence differs by only three nucleotides from - a previously published normal Caucasian sequence. In contrast, the two human mutant sequences each differ from the normal apo C-II gene sequence by several nucleotides, including deletions. The data suggest that both mutant alleles arose >500,000 years ago. It is shown that a defective allele can persist in a population for only a short time if a bottleneck occurs. Therefore, the antiquity of the two alleles suggests no severe bottleneck during human evolution. Moreover, the fact that one allele is from Japan and the other is from a Venezuelan Caucasian family is more consistent with the multiregional evolution model of modern human origins than with the complete replacement or "out of Africa" model.
AB - The DNA sequences of a Japanese and a Venezuelan apolipoprotein (apo) C-II deficiency allele, of a normal Japanese apo C-II gene, and of a chimpanzee apo C-II gene were amplified by PCR, and their nucleotide sequences were determined on multiple clones of the PCR products. The normal Japanese sequence is identical to - and the chimpanzee sequence differs by only three nucleotides from - a previously published normal Caucasian sequence. In contrast, the two human mutant sequences each differ from the normal apo C-II gene sequence by several nucleotides, including deletions. The data suggest that both mutant alleles arose >500,000 years ago. It is shown that a defective allele can persist in a population for only a short time if a bottleneck occurs. Therefore, the antiquity of the two alleles suggests no severe bottleneck during human evolution. Moreover, the fact that one allele is from Japan and the other is from a Venezuelan Caucasian family is more consistent with the multiregional evolution model of modern human origins than with the complete replacement or "out of Africa" model.
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M3 - Article
C2 - 1990844
AN - SCOPUS:0026065376
VL - 48
SP - 383
EP - 389
JO - American Journal of Human Genetics
JF - American Journal of Human Genetics
SN - 0002-9297
IS - 2
ER -