Nitric oxide and Fenton/Haber-Weiss chemistry: Nitric oxide is a potent antioxidant at physiological concentrations

We have examined the action of nitric oxide (NO) on the ability of Fenton's reagent (ferrous iron and hydrogen peroxide), to oxidize a number of organic optical probes. We found that NO is able to arrest the oxidation of organic compounds at concentrations of NO found in brain, in vivo. We present evidence that Fenton's reagent proceeds via a ferryl intermediate ([Fe=O] ²⁺), before the generation of hydroxyl radical ·(OH). NO reacts rapidly with this ferryl, blocking the production of ·OH. We propose that NO has an important role in protecting biological tissues, and the brain in particular, from Fenton chemistry.