Neighborhood Walkability and Cardio-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review

Pedro Rafael Vieira de Oliveira Salerno; Alena Gonzalez; Avery Hum; Ariela Baur; Colin Carpenter; Mohamed Bassiony; Vaibhav Shah; Zhuo Chen; Weichuan Dong; Sadeer Al-Kindi

doi:10.3390/jvd4010009

Neighborhood Walkability and Cardio-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review

Pedro Rafael Vieira de Oliveira Salerno, Alena Gonzalez, Avery Hum, Ariela Baur, Colin Carpenter, Mohamed Bassiony, Vaibhav Shah, Zhuo Chen, Weichuan Dong, Sadeer Al-Kindi

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

Abstract

Cardio-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome is a complex systemic disorder characterized by interactions between metabolic risk factors such as obesity, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiovascular disease (CVD). These interactions contribute to multi-organ dysfunction and a heightened risk of cardiovascular complications. The American Heart Association (AHA) emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive approach to CKM management, incorporating social and environmental determinants of health (SEDH) to better understand disease progression and outcomes. Among these determinants, neighborhood walkability—the extent to which an area supports walking and physical activity—has emerged as a critical yet understudied factor influencing CKM health. This scoping review aims to synthesize the existing evidence on the relationship between neighborhood walkability and CKM outcomes, examining potential pathways, health disparities, and opportunities for targeted interventions.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	9
Journal	Journal of Vascular Diseases
Volume	4
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/jvd4010009
State	Published - Mar 2025

Keywords

built environment
Cardio-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome
social determinants of health
walkability

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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10.3390/jvd4010009

Cite this

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title = "Neighborhood Walkability and Cardio-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review",

abstract = "Cardio-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome is a complex systemic disorder characterized by interactions between metabolic risk factors such as obesity, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiovascular disease (CVD). These interactions contribute to multi-organ dysfunction and a heightened risk of cardiovascular complications. The American Heart Association (AHA) emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive approach to CKM management, incorporating social and environmental determinants of health (SEDH) to better understand disease progression and outcomes. Among these determinants, neighborhood walkability—the extent to which an area supports walking and physical activity—has emerged as a critical yet understudied factor influencing CKM health. This scoping review aims to synthesize the existing evidence on the relationship between neighborhood walkability and CKM outcomes, examining potential pathways, health disparities, and opportunities for targeted interventions.",

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doi = "10.3390/jvd4010009",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "4",

journal = "Journal of Vascular Diseases",

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AU - Vieira de Oliveira Salerno, Pedro Rafael

AU - Gonzalez, Alena

AU - Hum, Avery

AU - Baur, Ariela

AU - Carpenter, Colin

AU - Bassiony, Mohamed

AU - Shah, Vaibhav

AU - Chen, Zhuo

AU - Dong, Weichuan

AU - Al-Kindi, Sadeer

PY - 2025/3

Y1 - 2025/3

N2 - Cardio-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome is a complex systemic disorder characterized by interactions between metabolic risk factors such as obesity, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiovascular disease (CVD). These interactions contribute to multi-organ dysfunction and a heightened risk of cardiovascular complications. The American Heart Association (AHA) emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive approach to CKM management, incorporating social and environmental determinants of health (SEDH) to better understand disease progression and outcomes. Among these determinants, neighborhood walkability—the extent to which an area supports walking and physical activity—has emerged as a critical yet understudied factor influencing CKM health. This scoping review aims to synthesize the existing evidence on the relationship between neighborhood walkability and CKM outcomes, examining potential pathways, health disparities, and opportunities for targeted interventions.

AB - Cardio-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome is a complex systemic disorder characterized by interactions between metabolic risk factors such as obesity, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiovascular disease (CVD). These interactions contribute to multi-organ dysfunction and a heightened risk of cardiovascular complications. The American Heart Association (AHA) emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive approach to CKM management, incorporating social and environmental determinants of health (SEDH) to better understand disease progression and outcomes. Among these determinants, neighborhood walkability—the extent to which an area supports walking and physical activity—has emerged as a critical yet understudied factor influencing CKM health. This scoping review aims to synthesize the existing evidence on the relationship between neighborhood walkability and CKM outcomes, examining potential pathways, health disparities, and opportunities for targeted interventions.

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KW - Cardio-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome

KW - social determinants of health

KW - walkability

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ER -

Neighborhood Walkability and Cardio-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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