Nanodelivery Systems Face Challenges and Limitations in Bone Diseases Management

Bone is a highly dynamic tissue. Hence, diseases affecting bone tissue, such as cancer (primary tumors and metastases), osteoporosis, and genetic conditions present many challenges for traditional therapies, leading to poor therapeutic outcome. Nano-delivery systems are innovative tools used for the treatment of a variety of diseases due to their ability to deliver various therapeutic cargos and specifically target disease sites, including difficult ones like bone. A variety of nano-delivery strategies are recently explored to treat bone-related pathologies, with many resulting in better outcomes than traditional approaches. In this review, the authors cover recent attempts to use nano-delivery systems for the treatment of skeletal-related disorders including primary bone tumors, metastatic bone tumors, and non-cancerous bone disorders. Finally, potential barriers for the translation of such new therapeutics into the clinic and possible methods to overcome these barriers, are discussed.