Multi-composite bioactive osteogenic sponges featuring mesenchymal stem cells, platelet-rich plasma, nanoporous silicon enclosures, and peptide amphiphiles for rapid bone regeneration

Matthew B. Murphy, Daniel Blashki, Rachel M. Buchanan, Dongmei Fan, Enrica De Rosa, Ramille N. Shah, Samuel I. Stupp, Bradley K. Weiner, Paul J. Simmons, Mauro Ferrari, Ennio Tasciotti

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

34 Scopus citations

Abstract

A novel bioactive sponge was created with a composite of type I collagen sponges or porous poly(ϵ-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), BMP2-loaded nanoporous silicon enclosure (NSE) microparticles, mineralizing peptide amphiphiles (PA), and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Primary MSC from cortical bone (CB) tissue proved to form more and larger colony units, as well as produce more mineral matrix under osteogenic differentiation, than MSC from bone marrow (BM). Coating pre-treatments were optimized for maximum cell adhesion and mineralization, while a PRP-based gel carrier was created to efficiently deliver and retain MSC and microparticles within a porous scaffold while simultaneously promoting cell recruitment, proliferation, and angiogenesis. Components and composite sponges were evaluated for osteogenic differentiation in vitro. Osteogenic sponges were loaded with MSC, PRP, PA, and NSE and implanted subcutaneously in rats to evaluate the formation of bone tissue and angiogenesis in vivo. It was found that the combination of a collagen sponge with CB MSC, PRP, PA, and the BMP2-releasing NSE formed the most bone and was most vascularized by four weeks compared to analogous composites featuring BM MSC or PCL or lacking PRP, PA, and NSE. This study indicates that CB MSC should be considered as an alternative to marrow as a source of stem cells, while the PRP-PA cell and microparticle delivery system may be utilized for diverse tissue engineering applications.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)39-66
Number of pages28
JournalJournal of Functional Biomaterials
Volume2
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 21 2011

Keywords

  • Bone regeneration
  • Composite scaffold
  • Mesenchymal stem cells
  • Nanoporous silicon
  • Peptide amphiphiles
  • Platelet-rich plasma
  • Tissue engineering

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Biomaterials
  • Biomedical Engineering

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