TY - JOUR
T1 - More than 50 long-term effects of COVID-19
T2 - a systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - Lopez-Leon, Sandra
AU - Wegman-Ostrosky, Talia
AU - Perelman, Carol
AU - Sepulveda, Rosalinda
AU - Rebolledo, Paulina A.
AU - Cuapio, Angelica
AU - Villapol, Sonia
N1 - Funding Information:
This article was funded by Houston Methodist Research Institute (S.V.).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
© 2021. The Author(s).
PY - 2021/8/9
Y1 - 2021/8/9
N2 - COVID-19 can involve persistence, sequelae, and other medical complications that last weeks to months after initial recovery. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to identify studies assessing the long-term effects of COVID-19. LitCOVID and Embase were searched to identify articles with original data published before the 1st of January 2021, with a minimum of 100 patients. For effects reported in two or more studies, meta-analyses using a random-effects model were performed using the MetaXL software to estimate the pooled prevalence with 95% CI. PRISMA guidelines were followed. A total of 18,251 publications were identified, of which 15 met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of 55 long-term effects was estimated, 21 meta-analyses were performed, and 47,910 patients were included (age 17–87 years). The included studies defined long-COVID as ranging from 14 to 110 days post-viral infection. It was estimated that 80% of the infected patients with SARS-CoV-2 developed one or more long-term symptoms. The five most common symptoms were fatigue (58%), headache (44%), attention disorder (27%), hair loss (25%), and dyspnea (24%). Multi-disciplinary teams are crucial to developing preventive measures, rehabilitation techniques, and clinical management strategies with whole-patient perspectives designed to address long COVID-19 care.
AB - COVID-19 can involve persistence, sequelae, and other medical complications that last weeks to months after initial recovery. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to identify studies assessing the long-term effects of COVID-19. LitCOVID and Embase were searched to identify articles with original data published before the 1st of January 2021, with a minimum of 100 patients. For effects reported in two or more studies, meta-analyses using a random-effects model were performed using the MetaXL software to estimate the pooled prevalence with 95% CI. PRISMA guidelines were followed. A total of 18,251 publications were identified, of which 15 met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of 55 long-term effects was estimated, 21 meta-analyses were performed, and 47,910 patients were included (age 17–87 years). The included studies defined long-COVID as ranging from 14 to 110 days post-viral infection. It was estimated that 80% of the infected patients with SARS-CoV-2 developed one or more long-term symptoms. The five most common symptoms were fatigue (58%), headache (44%), attention disorder (27%), hair loss (25%), and dyspnea (24%). Multi-disciplinary teams are crucial to developing preventive measures, rehabilitation techniques, and clinical management strategies with whole-patient perspectives designed to address long COVID-19 care.
KW - Adolescent
KW - Adult
KW - Aged
KW - Aged, 80 and over
KW - Alopecia/complications
KW - Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/complications
KW - COVID-19/complications
KW - Dyspnea/complications
KW - Fatigue/complications
KW - Headache/complications
KW - Humans
KW - Middle Aged
KW - SARS-CoV-2/physiology
KW - Young Adult
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U2 - 10.1038/s41598-021-95565-8
DO - 10.1038/s41598-021-95565-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 34373540
AN - SCOPUS:85106863304
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 11
SP - 16144
JO - Scientific Reports
JF - Scientific Reports
IS - 1
M1 - 16144
ER -