Management of Vitreomacular Traction

Vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) and vitreomacular traction (VMT) syndrome belong to a spectrum of macular diseases in which vision impairment is caused by posterior hyaloid traction at the vitreoretinal interface. In the past, the diagnosis of VMA and VMT depended upon the clinician’s ability to identify vitreomacular abnormalities on slit lamp biomicroscopy. Thus, often relatively advanced cases were visually identifiable biomicroscopically (Johnson in Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 103:537–567, 2005; Sebag in Eye (Lond) 16(4):429–439, 2002; Schepens in Am J Ophthalmol 39(5):631–633, 1955; Johnson in Am J Ophthalmol 149(3):371–382.e1, 2010). With the advent of optical coherence tomography, more previously unrecognized cases have been identified and better understood. This review discusses the variable presentations of this condition with a focus on the current classification and the various treatment strategies.