Improved outcome after intestinal transplantation at a single institution over 12 years

Purpose To evaluate the outcomes of patients undergoing intestinal transplantation (IT). Methods Retrospective review was undertaken using existing medical records and database. Results Between November 1991 and May 2003, 114 patients were referred for consideration for IT, of which 33 patients received 37 intestinal allografts. All patients had intestinal failure and all patients had significant complications from total parenteral nutrition (TPN). TPN was the predominant cause of liver failure (63%). Combined liver intestinal grafts were used in the majority of patients. Overall 1- and 3-year patient survival is 77% and 52% with patients transplanted since 1999 having a 1- and 3-year survival of 94% and 73%, respectively. The most common cause of death was sepsis. No graft or patient was lost to cytomegalovirus or Epstein-Barr virus disease. Twenty-seven percent of allografts were lost to rejection. Long-term TPN independence is 82% for grafts more than 30 days after IT. Statistical analysis revealed several important factors impacting outcome. Conclusions Successful IT defined as prolonged patient and graft survival and TPN independence can be readily achieved in select patients with IF and complications related to TPN therapy. Outcomes have improved with experience gained and control of viral infections and rejection.