Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathy

Patients with heart failure (HF) present with shortness of breath due to circulatory congestion and/or fatigue due to impaired cardiac output. The etiology of HF ranges from acute myocardial infarction to nonischemic causes including infectious or infiltrative cardiomyopathies. Adherence to guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) can control symptoms, improve cardiac function, and reduce morbidity and mortality. Novel imaging techniques have improved our diagnostic accuracy and detection of previously underrecognized conditions, such as amyloidosis. Innovation in HF treatments has also led to new therapeutic options, even for advanced HF patients.