Hazard and risk assessment of chemical mixtures using the toxic equivalency factor approach

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199 Scopus citations

Abstract

There is considerable public, regulatory, and scientific concern regarding human exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, which include compounds that directly modulate steroid hormone receptor pathways (estrogens, antiestrogens, androgens, antiandrogens) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists, including 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and related compounds. Based on quantitative structure-activity relationships for both AhR and estrogen receptor (ER) agonists, the relative potency (RP) of individual compounds relative to a standard (e.g., TCDD and 17β-estradiol) have been determined for several receptor-mediated responses. Therefore, the TCDD or estrogenic equivalent (TEQ or EQ, respectively) of a mixture is defined as TEQ = Σ[T(i)] x RP(i) or EQ = Σ[E(i)] x RP(i), where T(i) and E(i) are concentrations of individual AhR or ER agonists in any mixture. This approach for risk assessment of endocrine-disrupting mixtures assumes that for each endocrine response pathway, the effects of individual compounds are essentially additive. This paper will critically examine the utility of the TEQ/EQ approach for risk assessment, the validity of the assumptions used for this approach, and the problems associated with comparing low dose exposures to xeno and natural (dietary) endocrine disrupters.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1051-1058
Number of pages8
JournalEnvironmental health perspectives
Volume106
Issue numberSUPPL. 4
DOIs
StatePublished - 1998

Keywords

  • Endocrine disrupters
  • Hazard
  • Interactions
  • Limitations
  • TCDD
  • TEFs

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
  • Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

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