@article{3a6975d25ca44c47ae49f7d0bf78718d,
title = "Gram-positive bacterial infections: Research priorities, accomplishments, and future directions of the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group",
abstract = "Antimicrobial resistance in gram-positive bacteria remains a challenge in infectious diseases. The mission of the Gram-Positive Committee of the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group (ARLG) is to advance knowledge in the prevention, management, and treatment of these challenging infections to improve patient outcomes. Our committee has prioritized projects involving methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) due to the scope of the medical threat posed by these pathogens. Approved ARLG projects involving gram-positive pathogens include (1) a pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics study to evaluate the impact of vancomycin dosing on patient outcome in MRSA bloodstream infection (BSI); (2) defining, testing, and validating innovative assessments of patient outcomes for clinical trials of MRSA-BSI; (3) testing new strategies for {"}stepdown{"} antibiotic therapy for MRSA-BSI; (4) management of staphylococcal BSIs in neonatal intensive care units; and (5) defining the impact of VRE bacteremia and daptomycin susceptibility on patient outcomes. This article outlines accomplishments, priorities, and challenges for research of infections caused by gram-positive organisms.",
keywords = "Bloodstream infection, Clostridium difficile infection, Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Vancomycin-resistant enterococci",
author = "Doernberg, {Sarah B.} and Lodise, {Thomas P.} and Thaden, {Joshua T.} and Munita, {Jose M.} and Cosgrove, {Sara E.} and Arias, {Cesar A.} and Boucher, {Helen W.} and Corey, {G. Ralph} and Lowy, {Franklin D.} and Barbara Murray and Miller, {Loren G.} and Holland, {Thomas L.}",
note = "Funding Information: Potential conflicts of interest. S. B. D. has received research funding from Merck, Genentech, Cerexa, and Cubist Pharmaceuticals and has served as a consultant for Genentech. T. P. L. has received grant support from ARLG, which funded the PROVIDE study; has been a consultant for Allergen, The Medicines Company, Merck, and Theravance; has received payment for lectures, including speakers bureaus, for Allergen and The Medicines Company; and has received contracts from Merck. S. E. C. has consulted for Novartis and Theravance and has received grants from Pfizer Grants for Learning and Change/The Joint Commission. C. A. A. has served on the speaker bureau for Allergan, Pfizer, Merck, and the Medicines Company; has received grants from Allergan, Pfizer, Theravance, Merck, and The Medicines Company, and has served on the advisory board for Theravance, Merck, The Medicines Company, and Bayer Global. H. W. B. has served on the data monitoring committee for Actelion and Cardeas and the Adjudication Committee for the NIH. G. R. C. serves on the scientific advisory boards for Nabriva, Medtronic, Cerexa/Forest/Actavis, Merck, Achaogen, Melinta, Tetraphase, Arsanis, Contrafect, Paratek, and SCPharma; has participated in study design for Medtronic; has served as a consultant for The Medicines Company, Theravance, Melinta, Motif, Arsanis, Contrafect, Cowen Group, Paratek, Bayer, SCPharma, Basilea, and Cempra; and has served on a mortality board for Pfizer and adjudication committees for Bio2 Medical and Quintiles/Novella. F. D. L. has received royalties from UpToDate and has performed research for Theravance. B. M. has served on pharmaceutical advisory boards for Cempra and Paratek and as co-investigator on institutional grants for Merck, Theravance, and Actavis. L. G. M. has served as a consultant for Tetraphase and has received grants from Gilead Sciences, Achaogen, Merck, Abbott, and Cepheid. T. L. H. has served as a consultant for The Medicines Company and Basilea Pharmaceutica and has received royalties from UpToDate. J. T. T. reports no potential conflicts. The authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed. Funding Information: Financial support. This article was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the NIH (award number UM1AI104681). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author 2017. Copyright: Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
year = "2017",
doi = "10.1093/cid/ciw828",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "64",
pages = "S24--S29",
journal = "Clinical Infectious Diseases",
issn = "1058-4838",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
}