@article{1552b3861a5941b59b0e995a93b7e32f,
title = "Foxa2 and H2A.Z mediate nucleosome depletion during embryonic stem cell differentiation",
abstract = "Nucleosome occupancy is fundamental for establishing chromatin architecture. However, little is known about the relationship between nucleosome dynamics and initial cell lineage specification. Here, we determine the mechanisms that control global nucleosome dynamics during embryonic stem (ES) cell differentiation into endoderm. Both nucleosome depletion and de novo occupation occur during the differentiation process, with higher overall nucleosome density after differentiation. The variant histone H2A.Z and the winged helix transcription factor Foxa2 both act to regulate nucleosome depletion and gene activation, thus promoting ES cell differentiation, whereas DNA methylation promotes nucleosome occupation and suppresses gene expression. Nucleosome depletion during ES cell differentiation is dependent on Nap1l1-coupled SWI/SNF and INO80 chromatin remodeling complexes. Thus, both epigenetic and genetic regulators cooperate to control nucleosome dynamics during ES cell fate decisions.",
author = "Zhaoyu Li and Paul Gadue and Kaifu Chen and Yang Jiao and Geetu Tuteja and Jonathan Schug and Wei Li and Kaestner, {Klaus H.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Dr. Shelley Berger for critical comments on the manuscript, and Alan Fox, Olga Smirnova, Matt Mansh, Aline Disimone, Karrie Brondell, Amber Riblett, and James LaRossa for excellent technical support. We thank Drs. Keji Zhao and Gangqing Hu (National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute) for helpful suggestions on computational analysis on our nucleosome data. We also thank Dr. Philip Streeter (Oregon) for kindly providing the ENDM1 (G10) antibody. This study was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P01-DK049210 to K.H.K.). Z.L. was supported by National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada and Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation postdoctoral fellowship awards. This study was partially supported by the Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas (RP110471-C3 to W.L.). Z.L. and K.H.K. designed the experiments and wrote the manuscript. Z.L. performed the majority of experiments and computational analysis. P.G. and Y.J. did a part of the ES cell culture and sorting. K.C., W.L., G.T., and J.S. contributed to the computational analysis. K.H.K. directed the whole study. ",
year = "2012",
month = dec,
day = "21",
doi = "10.1016/j.cell.2012.11.018",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "151",
pages = "1608--1616",
journal = "Cell",
issn = "0092-8674",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "7",
}