Abstract

OBJECTIVES: This study used cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) to evaluate whether elevated extracellular volume (ECV) was associated with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) or if elevated ECV was a consequence of remodeling independent of primary mitral regurgitation (MR) etiology.

BACKGROUND: Replacement fibrosis in primary MR is more prevalent in MVP; however, data on ECV as a surrogate for diffuse interstitial fibrosis in primary MR are limited.

METHODS: Patients with chronic primary MR underwent comprehensive CMR phenotyping and were stratified into an MVP cohort (>2 mm leaflet displacement on a 3-chamber cine CMR) and a non-MVP cohort. Factors associated with ECV and replacement fibrosis were assessed. The association of ECV and symptoms related to MR and clinical events (mitral surgery and cardiovascular death) was ascertained.

RESULTS: A total of 424 patients with primary MR (229 with MVP and 195 non-MVP) were enrolled. Replacement fibrosis was more prevalent in the MVP cohort (34.1% vs. 6.7%; p < 0.001), with bi-leaflet MVP having the strongest association with replacement fibrosis (odds ratio: 10.5; p < 0.001). ECV increased with MR severity in a similar fashion for both MVP and non-MVP cohorts and was associated with MR severity but not MVP on multivariable analysis. Elevated ECV was independently associated with symptoms related to MR and clinical events.

CONCLUSIONS: Although replacement fibrosis was more prevalent in MVP, diffuse interstitial fibrosis as inferred by ECV was associated with MR severity, regardless of primary MR etiology. ECV was independently associated with symptoms related to MR and clinical events. (DeBakey Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Study [DEBAKEY-CMR]; NCT04281823).

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1146-1160
Number of pages15
JournalJACC: Cardiovascular Imaging
Volume14
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 2021

Keywords

  • cardiovascular magnetic resonance
  • extracellular volume
  • mitral valve prolapse
  • myocardial fibrosis
  • primary mitral regurgitation
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency/diagnostic imaging
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Humans

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

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