Evaluation of Antigen Expression and Early Immune Response Following Cutaneous Suction-Mediated DNA Delivery

Nandita C. Jhumur; Yukyung Um; Sarah H. Park; Emran O. Lallow; Christine C. Roberts; Jerry W. Shan; Jonathan P. Singer; Jeffrey D. Zahn; Young K. Park; Lisa K. Denzin; David I. Shreiber; Joel N. Maslow; Hao Lin

doi:10.1002/adtp.202500452

Evaluation of Antigen Expression and Early Immune Response Following Cutaneous Suction-Mediated DNA Delivery

Nandita C. Jhumur, Yukyung Um, Sarah H. Park, Emran O. Lallow, Christine C. Roberts, Jerry W. Shan, Jonathan P. Singer, Jeffrey D. Zahn, Young K. Park, Lisa K. Denzin, David I. Shreiber, Joel N. Maslow, Hao Lin

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Suction-based in vivo cutaneous DNA transfection is a newly developed, cost-effective method that produces high transfection efficiency. This method has shown robust immunogenic responses following SARS-CoV-2 DNA vaccination in both pre-clinical studies and clinical trials. The current work investigates suction-based transfection and immune activation on a detailed, cellular level. The spatiotemporal patterns of antigen expression in rat skin following suction-induced delivery of a pEGFP-N1 plasmid and a SARS-CoV-2 DNA vaccine are evaluated via immunofluorescence staining, which demonstrates early and prolonged expression. The epidermis is identified as the primary location of transfection, and the transfected cells are primarily epidermal keratinocytes. Early immune response is assessed by detection of major histocompatibility complex class II-positive (MHC-II⁺) cells following suction-induced DNA vaccination.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	e00452
Journal	advanced therapeutics
Volume	9
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/adtp.202500452
State	Published - Jan 2026

Keywords

cutaneous DNA delivery
DNA vaccination
major histocompatibility complex class II-positive (MHC-II) cells
SARS-CoV-2
suction

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Medicine (miscellaneous)
Pharmacology
Pharmaceutical Science
Genetics(clinical)
Biochemistry, medical
Pharmacology (medical)

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10.1002/adtp.202500452

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Jhumur, N. C., Um, Y., Park, S. H., Lallow, E. O., Roberts, C. C., Shan, J. W., Singer, J. P., Zahn, J. D., Park, Y. K., Denzin, L. K., Shreiber, D. I., Maslow, J. N., & Lin, H. (2026). Evaluation of Antigen Expression and Early Immune Response Following Cutaneous Suction-Mediated DNA Delivery. advanced therapeutics, 9(1), Article e00452. https://doi.org/10.1002/adtp.202500452

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title = "Evaluation of Antigen Expression and Early Immune Response Following Cutaneous Suction-Mediated DNA Delivery",

abstract = "Suction-based in vivo cutaneous DNA transfection is a newly developed, cost-effective method that produces high transfection efficiency. This method has shown robust immunogenic responses following SARS-CoV-2 DNA vaccination in both pre-clinical studies and clinical trials. The current work investigates suction-based transfection and immune activation on a detailed, cellular level. The spatiotemporal patterns of antigen expression in rat skin following suction-induced delivery of a pEGFP-N1 plasmid and a SARS-CoV-2 DNA vaccine are evaluated via immunofluorescence staining, which demonstrates early and prolonged expression. The epidermis is identified as the primary location of transfection, and the transfected cells are primarily epidermal keratinocytes. Early immune response is assessed by detection of major histocompatibility complex class II-positive (MHC-II+) cells following suction-induced DNA vaccination.",

keywords = "cutaneous DNA delivery, DNA vaccination, major histocompatibility complex class II-positive (MHC-II) cells, SARS-CoV-2, suction",

author = "Jhumur, \{Nandita C.\} and Yukyung Um and Park, \{Sarah H.\} and Lallow, \{Emran O.\} and Roberts, \{Christine C.\} and Shan, \{Jerry W.\} and Singer, \{Jonathan P.\} and Zahn, \{Jeffrey D.\} and Park, \{Young K.\} and Denzin, \{Lisa K.\} and Shreiber, \{David I.\} and Maslow, \{Joel N.\} and Hao Lin",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2026 The Author(s). Advanced Therapeutics published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.",

year = "2026",

month = jan,

doi = "10.1002/adtp.202500452",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "9",

journal = "advanced therapeutics",

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AU - Jhumur, Nandita C.

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AU - Park, Sarah H.

AU - Lallow, Emran O.

AU - Roberts, Christine C.

AU - Shan, Jerry W.

AU - Singer, Jonathan P.

AU - Zahn, Jeffrey D.

AU - Park, Young K.

AU - Denzin, Lisa K.

AU - Shreiber, David I.

AU - Maslow, Joel N.

AU - Lin, Hao

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AB - Suction-based in vivo cutaneous DNA transfection is a newly developed, cost-effective method that produces high transfection efficiency. This method has shown robust immunogenic responses following SARS-CoV-2 DNA vaccination in both pre-clinical studies and clinical trials. The current work investigates suction-based transfection and immune activation on a detailed, cellular level. The spatiotemporal patterns of antigen expression in rat skin following suction-induced delivery of a pEGFP-N1 plasmid and a SARS-CoV-2 DNA vaccine are evaluated via immunofluorescence staining, which demonstrates early and prolonged expression. The epidermis is identified as the primary location of transfection, and the transfected cells are primarily epidermal keratinocytes. Early immune response is assessed by detection of major histocompatibility complex class II-positive (MHC-II+) cells following suction-induced DNA vaccination.

KW - cutaneous DNA delivery

KW - DNA vaccination

KW - major histocompatibility complex class II-positive (MHC-II) cells

KW - SARS-CoV-2

KW - suction

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Evaluation of Antigen Expression and Early Immune Response Following Cutaneous Suction-Mediated DNA Delivery

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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