TY - JOUR
T1 - Endothelial dysfunction in diabetes and hypertension
T2 - Cross talk in RAS, BMP4, and ROS-dependent COX-2-derived prostanoids
AU - Wong, Wing Tak Jack
AU - Tian, Xiao Yu
AU - Huang, Yu
PY - 2013/3/1
Y1 - 2013/3/1
N2 - Vascular endothelium regulates cardiovascular function, and endothelial dysfunction is the key initiator for arteriosclerosis and thrombosis and their complications. The endothelium is a dynamic interface that responds to various stimuli and synthesizes and liberates vasoactive molecules such as nitric oxide, prostaglandins, hyperpolarizing factor, and endothelin. Risk factors such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, and hyperglycemia impair the ability of the endothelium to respond to physical or chemical stimulation appropriately, and increased oxidative stress is believed to be a major culprit. This brief article reviews the interplay among several oxidative stress regulators in the vascular wall and highlights therapeutic relevance through deeper understanding of the interplay between the renin-angiotensin system, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced oxidase, bone morphogenic protein 4, and cyclooxygenase 2-derived prostaglandins as a concerted pathogenic cascade in inducing and maintaining endothelial dysfunction in hypertension and diabetes.
AB - Vascular endothelium regulates cardiovascular function, and endothelial dysfunction is the key initiator for arteriosclerosis and thrombosis and their complications. The endothelium is a dynamic interface that responds to various stimuli and synthesizes and liberates vasoactive molecules such as nitric oxide, prostaglandins, hyperpolarizing factor, and endothelin. Risk factors such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, and hyperglycemia impair the ability of the endothelium to respond to physical or chemical stimulation appropriately, and increased oxidative stress is believed to be a major culprit. This brief article reviews the interplay among several oxidative stress regulators in the vascular wall and highlights therapeutic relevance through deeper understanding of the interplay between the renin-angiotensin system, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced oxidase, bone morphogenic protein 4, and cyclooxygenase 2-derived prostaglandins as a concerted pathogenic cascade in inducing and maintaining endothelial dysfunction in hypertension and diabetes.
KW - BMP4
KW - COX-2
KW - RAS
KW - ROS
KW - endothelial dysfunction
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U2 - 10.1097/FJC.0b013e31827fe46e
DO - 10.1097/FJC.0b013e31827fe46e
M3 - Review article
C2 - 23232839
AN - SCOPUS:84875223674
VL - 61
SP - 204
EP - 214
JO - Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology
JF - Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology
SN - 0160-2446
IS - 3
ER -