TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of trauma in adulthood and adolescence on fear extinction and extinction retention
T2 - Advancing animal models of posttraumatic stress disorder
AU - Chen, Chieh V.
AU - Chaby, Lauren E.
AU - Nazeer, Sahana
AU - Liberzon, Israel
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank our funding source, the U. S. Department of Defense, Grant W81XWH-13-1-0377, awarded to IL.
Funding Information:
We thank Nirmala Rajaram and Kayla Marcotte. Funding. We thank our funding source, the U. S. Department of Defense, Grant W81XWH-13-1-0377, awarded to IL.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Chen, Chaby, Nazeer and Liberzon.
PY - 2018/10/31
Y1 - 2018/10/31
N2 - Evidence for and against adolescent vulnerability to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is mounting, but this evidence is largely qualitative, retrospective, or complicated by variation in prior stress exposure and trauma context. Here, we examine the effects of development on trauma vulnerability using adult post-natal (PN) day 61, early adolescent (PN23) and mid adolescence (PN34) rats and two types of trauma: an established animal model of PTSD, single prolonged stress (SPS), and a novel composite model—SPS predation (SPSp) version. We demonstrate that early and mid adolescent rats are capable of fear conditioning and fear extinction, as well as extinction retention. Our results also demonstrate that both types of trauma induced a deficit in the retention of fear extinction in adulthood, a hallmark of PTSD, but not after early or mid adolescence trauma, suggesting that adolescence might convey resilience to SPS and SPSp traumas. Across all three life stages, the effects of SPS exposure and a novel predation trauma model, SPSp, had similar effects on behavior suggesting that trauma type did not affect the likelihood of developing PTSD-like symptoms, and that SPSp is a predation-based trauma model worth exploring.
AB - Evidence for and against adolescent vulnerability to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is mounting, but this evidence is largely qualitative, retrospective, or complicated by variation in prior stress exposure and trauma context. Here, we examine the effects of development on trauma vulnerability using adult post-natal (PN) day 61, early adolescent (PN23) and mid adolescence (PN34) rats and two types of trauma: an established animal model of PTSD, single prolonged stress (SPS), and a novel composite model—SPS predation (SPSp) version. We demonstrate that early and mid adolescent rats are capable of fear conditioning and fear extinction, as well as extinction retention. Our results also demonstrate that both types of trauma induced a deficit in the retention of fear extinction in adulthood, a hallmark of PTSD, but not after early or mid adolescence trauma, suggesting that adolescence might convey resilience to SPS and SPSp traumas. Across all three life stages, the effects of SPS exposure and a novel predation trauma model, SPSp, had similar effects on behavior suggesting that trauma type did not affect the likelihood of developing PTSD-like symptoms, and that SPSp is a predation-based trauma model worth exploring.
KW - Adolescence
KW - Developmental stress
KW - PTSD
KW - Predation stress
KW - Single prolonged stress
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U2 - 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00247
DO - 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00247
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85057130241
VL - 12
SP - 247
JO - Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
JF - Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
SN - 1662-5153
M1 - 247
ER -