TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of escitalopram therapy on functional brain controllability in major depressive disorder
AU - Fang, Feng
AU - Godlewska, Beata
AU - Cho, Raymond Y.
AU - Savitz, Sean I.
AU - Selvaraj, Sudhakar
AU - Zhang, Yingchun
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the University of Houston , an MRC program grant (MR/K022202/1) and the Oxford Health NIHR Biomedical Research Centre. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health Service, NIHR or the Department of Health. SS has received grants/research support from NIMH R21 ( 1R21MH119441-01A1 ) and SAMHSA ( FG000470-01 ). Research supplement funds from The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston to SS were utilized for this study. The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The content of this study is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH or SAMHSA.
Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the University of Houston, an MRC program grant (MR/K022202/1) and the Oxford Health NIHR Biomedical Research Centre. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health Service, NIHR or the Department of Health. SS has received grants/research support from NIMH R21 (1R21MH119441-01A1) and SAMHSA (FG000470-01). Research supplement funds from The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston to SS were utilized for this study. The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The content of this study is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH or SAMHSA. We thank all the participants for their help with the study.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2022/8/1
Y1 - 2022/8/1
N2 - Antidepressant drugs are the mainstay of treatment for patients with major depressive disorders (MDD). Given the critical role of the underlying neural control mechanism in the physiopathology of depression, this study aims to investigate the effects of escitalopram, a type of antidepressant drug, on the changes of functional brain controllability throughout the escitalopram treatment for MDD. We collected resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 20 unmedicated major depressive patients at baseline (visit 1, pre-treatment), one week (visit 2, 1-week after the onset of the treatment) and six weeks (visit 3, after the 6-week escitalopram treatment). Our results revealed that the global average and modal controllability of MDD patients were significantly larger and smaller, respectively, compared to healthy subjects (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the modal controllability rank of the frontoparietal network in depression patients was also significantly smaller than the healthy subjects (P < 0.01). However, throughout the escitalopram treatment, the global average and modal controllability, and the controllability of the default mode network and frontoparietal network of MDD patients were consistently changed to the healthy subjects' level. Our results also showed that the changes of global average and modal controllability measures can predict the improvements of clinical scores of the MDD patients as the escitalopram treatment advanced (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study reveals promising brain controllability-based biomarkers to mechanistically understand and predict the effects of the escitalopram treatment for depression and maybe extended to predict and understand the effects of other interventions for other neurological and psychiatric diseases.
AB - Antidepressant drugs are the mainstay of treatment for patients with major depressive disorders (MDD). Given the critical role of the underlying neural control mechanism in the physiopathology of depression, this study aims to investigate the effects of escitalopram, a type of antidepressant drug, on the changes of functional brain controllability throughout the escitalopram treatment for MDD. We collected resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 20 unmedicated major depressive patients at baseline (visit 1, pre-treatment), one week (visit 2, 1-week after the onset of the treatment) and six weeks (visit 3, after the 6-week escitalopram treatment). Our results revealed that the global average and modal controllability of MDD patients were significantly larger and smaller, respectively, compared to healthy subjects (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the modal controllability rank of the frontoparietal network in depression patients was also significantly smaller than the healthy subjects (P < 0.01). However, throughout the escitalopram treatment, the global average and modal controllability, and the controllability of the default mode network and frontoparietal network of MDD patients were consistently changed to the healthy subjects' level. Our results also showed that the changes of global average and modal controllability measures can predict the improvements of clinical scores of the MDD patients as the escitalopram treatment advanced (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study reveals promising brain controllability-based biomarkers to mechanistically understand and predict the effects of the escitalopram treatment for depression and maybe extended to predict and understand the effects of other interventions for other neurological and psychiatric diseases.
KW - Antidepressant
KW - Depression
KW - Escitalopram
KW - Functional brain controllability
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.123
DO - 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.123
M3 - Article
C2 - 35500684
AN - SCOPUS:85129966506
VL - 310
SP - 68
EP - 74
JO - J Affect Disord
JF - J Affect Disord
SN - 0165-0327
ER -