TY - JOUR
T1 - Echocardiography Differentiates Lethally Irradiated Whole-Body From Partial-Body Exposed Rats
AU - Inoue, Taeko
AU - Zawaski, Janice A.
AU - Sheehan, Vivien
AU - Kanne, celeste
AU - Paikari, Alireza
AU - Kaffes, Caterina C.
AU - sarkar, poonam
AU - Sabek, Omaima
AU - Waleed Gaber, M.
PY - 2018/10/16
Y1 - 2018/10/16
N2 - Background: Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) affectsmorbidity andmortality dependent on the amount of body exposed. We propose the use of echocardiography (EC) to differentiate between survivors and non-survivors by measuring changes in cardiac function (CF) and pulmonary arterial function (PAF). We also investigate the role of rheology in our observed changes.
Methods and Results: Rats were irradiated to the whole body (WB) or partial body
with two-legs shielded (2LS) at a lethal dose of 7.5Gy. EC and magnetic resonance imaging were performed, and rheological measurements conducted. Only 2LS survived past 12-days post-exposure and their CF and PAR were not significantly different from baseline. WB was significantly different from both baseline and 2LS in stroke volume (P < 0.05), velocity time integral (VTI; P < 0.05) and pulmonary artery acceleration time (PAAT; P < 0.05). Differences were identified as early as six-days post-exposure, where VTI and PAAT were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in WB versus baseline but only PAAT was different from 2LS. Blood viscosity was significantly lower in the WB versus
baseline and 2LS (P < 0.0001). WB exhibited a significant rise in dense red blood cells versus baseline (P < 0.01) and 2LS (P < 0.01). Cell-free hemoglobin, a contributor to pulmonary artery hypertension and vasculopathy, was significantly elevated in WB vs. sham.
Conclusions: Non-invasive and readily available imaging can be used to identify critically affected victims. Our findings point to heart failure as one possible cause of death in WB exposed animals, potentially exacerbated by rheological, hemolytic, and pulmonary factors, and the importance of developing radiomitigators against cardiac ARS mortality.
AB - Background: Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) affectsmorbidity andmortality dependent on the amount of body exposed. We propose the use of echocardiography (EC) to differentiate between survivors and non-survivors by measuring changes in cardiac function (CF) and pulmonary arterial function (PAF). We also investigate the role of rheology in our observed changes.
Methods and Results: Rats were irradiated to the whole body (WB) or partial body
with two-legs shielded (2LS) at a lethal dose of 7.5Gy. EC and magnetic resonance imaging were performed, and rheological measurements conducted. Only 2LS survived past 12-days post-exposure and their CF and PAR were not significantly different from baseline. WB was significantly different from both baseline and 2LS in stroke volume (P < 0.05), velocity time integral (VTI; P < 0.05) and pulmonary artery acceleration time (PAAT; P < 0.05). Differences were identified as early as six-days post-exposure, where VTI and PAAT were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in WB versus baseline but only PAAT was different from 2LS. Blood viscosity was significantly lower in the WB versus
baseline and 2LS (P < 0.0001). WB exhibited a significant rise in dense red blood cells versus baseline (P < 0.01) and 2LS (P < 0.01). Cell-free hemoglobin, a contributor to pulmonary artery hypertension and vasculopathy, was significantly elevated in WB vs. sham.
Conclusions: Non-invasive and readily available imaging can be used to identify critically affected victims. Our findings point to heart failure as one possible cause of death in WB exposed animals, potentially exacerbated by rheological, hemolytic, and pulmonary factors, and the importance of developing radiomitigators against cardiac ARS mortality.
KW - anemia
KW - dense red blood cells
KW - echocardiography
KW - magnetic resonance imaging
KW - radiation
KW - rheology
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U2 - 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00138
DO - 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00138
M3 - Article
C2 - 30460240
VL - 5
SP - 1
EP - 8
JO - Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine
JF - Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine
SN - 2297-055X
M1 - 138
ER -