TY - JOUR
T1 - Duplex Electrochemical Microfluidic Sensor for COVID-19 Antibody Detection
T2 - Natural versus Vaccine-Induced Humoral Response
AU - Mazzaracchio, Vincenzo
AU - Rios Maciel, Mauricio
AU - Porto Santos, Tatiana
AU - Toda-Peters, Kazumi
AU - Shen, Amy Q.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge the support of Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University with subsidy funding from the Cabinet Office, Government of Japan. The authors also acknowledge Dr. Shivani Sathish, Dr. Benjamin Heidt and Mrs. Diana Mengdesh for the very fruitful feedback, proof‐reading and experimental assistance. T.P.S. thanks Motif FoodWorks for the financial support.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. Small published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - The rapid transmission and resilience of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have led to urgent demands in monitoring humoral response for effective vaccine development, thus a multiplex co-detection platform to discriminate infection-induced from vaccine-induced antibodies is needed. Here a duplex electrochemical immunosensor for co-detection of anti-nucleocapsid IgG (N-IgG) and anti-spike IgG (S-IgG) is developed by using a two-working electrode system, via an indirect immunoassay, with antibody quantification obtained by differential pulse voltammetry. The screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) are modified by carbon black and electrodeposited gold nanoflowers for maximized surface areas, enabling the construction of an immunological chain for S-IgG and N-IgG electrochemical detection with enhanced performance. Using an optimized immunoassay protocol, a wide linear range between 30–750 and 20–1000 ng mL−1, and a limit of detection of 28 and 15 ng mL−1 are achieved to detect N-IgG and S-IgG simultaneously in serum samples. This duplex immunosensor is then integrated in a microfluidic device to obtain significantly reduced detection time (≤ 7 min) while maintaining its analytical performance. The duplex microfluidic immunosensor can be easily expanded into multiplex format to achieve high throughput screening for the sero-surveillance of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases.
AB - The rapid transmission and resilience of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have led to urgent demands in monitoring humoral response for effective vaccine development, thus a multiplex co-detection platform to discriminate infection-induced from vaccine-induced antibodies is needed. Here a duplex electrochemical immunosensor for co-detection of anti-nucleocapsid IgG (N-IgG) and anti-spike IgG (S-IgG) is developed by using a two-working electrode system, via an indirect immunoassay, with antibody quantification obtained by differential pulse voltammetry. The screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) are modified by carbon black and electrodeposited gold nanoflowers for maximized surface areas, enabling the construction of an immunological chain for S-IgG and N-IgG electrochemical detection with enhanced performance. Using an optimized immunoassay protocol, a wide linear range between 30–750 and 20–1000 ng mL−1, and a limit of detection of 28 and 15 ng mL−1 are achieved to detect N-IgG and S-IgG simultaneously in serum samples. This duplex immunosensor is then integrated in a microfluidic device to obtain significantly reduced detection time (≤ 7 min) while maintaining its analytical performance. The duplex microfluidic immunosensor can be easily expanded into multiplex format to achieve high throughput screening for the sero-surveillance of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases.
KW - SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection
KW - dual immunosensors
KW - microfluidics
KW - screen-printed electrodes
KW - vaccine development
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U2 - 10.1002/smll.202207731
DO - 10.1002/smll.202207731
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85150609805
JO - Small
JF - Small
SN - 1613-6810
ER -