Driving drowsiness detection with EEG using a modified hierarchical extreme learning machine algorithm with particle swarm optimization: A pilot study

Yuliang Ma, Songjie Zhang, Donglian Qi, Zhizeng Luo, Rihui Li, Thomas Potter, Yingchun Zhang

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

20 Scopus citations

Abstract

Driving fatigue accounts for a large number of traffic accidents in modern life nowadays. It is therefore of great importance to reduce this risky factor by detecting the driver’s drowsiness condition. This study aimed to detect drivers’ drowsiness using an advanced electroencephalography (EEG)-based classification technique. We first collected EEG data from six healthy adults under two different awareness conditions (wakefulness and drowsiness) in a virtual driving experiment. Five different machine learning techniques, including the K-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), extreme learning machine (ELM), hierarchical extreme learning machine (H-ELM), and the proposed modified hierarchical extreme learning machine algorithm with particle swarm optimization (PSO-H-ELM), were applied to classify the subject’s drowsiness based on the power spectral density (PSD) feature extracted from the EEG data. The mean accuracies of the five classifiers were 79.31%, 79.31%, 74.08%, 81.67%, and 83.12%, respectively, demonstrating the superior performance of our new PSO-H-ELM algorithm in detecting drivers’ drowsiness, compared to the other techniques.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number775
JournalElectronics (Switzerland)
Volume9
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - May 2020

Keywords

  • Drivers’ drowsiness
  • Electroencephalography
  • Extreme learning machines
  • Particle swarm optimization

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Control and Systems Engineering
  • Signal Processing
  • Hardware and Architecture
  • Computer Networks and Communications
  • Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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