Dietary saturated fatty acids: A novel treatment for alcoholic liver disease

Amin A. Nanji, S. M. Hossein Sadrzadeh, Eun K. Yang, Franz Fogt, Mohsen Meydani, Andrew J. Dannenberg

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

98 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background & Aims: Lipid peroxidation may be important in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver injury. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a saturated fatty acid-based therapy (palm oil) could decrease lipid peroxidation and alcoholic liver injury during ethanol withdrawal. Methods: Three groups of male Wistar rats (5 rats/group) were studied. Rats in group 1 were fed a fish oil-ethanol diet for 6 weeks; rats in groups 2 and 3 were fed a fish oil-ethanol diet for 6 weeks before treatment with fish oil-dextrose (group 2) or palm oil-dextrose (group 3) for 2 weeks. Liver samples were analyzed for histopathology, lipid peroxidation, fatty acid composition, cytochrome P450 2E1 activity, and tocopherol levels. Results: By 6 weeks, all rats had developed fatty liver, inflammation, and necrosis. Group 2 showed minimal histological improvement, whereas group 3 showed near normalization of the histology. The improvement in group 3 was associated with decreased lipid peroxidation and P450 2E1 activity. Higher levels of ω-3 fatty acids were detected in group 2 than group 3. Tocopherol levels were similar among the groups. Conclusions: A diet enriched in saturated but not unsaturated fatty acids reversed alcoholic liver injury. This effect may be explained by down-regulation of lipid peroxidation.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)547-554
Number of pages8
JournalGastroenterology
Volume109
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 1995

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Hepatology
  • Gastroenterology

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