Diabetic Cardiomyopathy and Oxidative Stress

Somasundaram Arumugam, Vengadeshprabhu Karuppagounder, Rajarajan A. Thandavarayan, Vigneshwaran Pitchaimani, Hirohito Sone, Kenichi Watanabe

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapter

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disorder associated with high mortality, which is mostly due to its cardiovascular complications. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (CM) is characterized by abnormal ventricular function in the absence of DM-associated risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, or coronary artery disease. Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the development of diabetic CM, in which chronic hyperglycemia plays a major role. As this develops, the endogenous antioxidant system becomes suppressed and so cannot counter-balance the increased oxidative stress. The metabolic abnormalities of DM cause mitochondrial superoxide overproduction, which further enhances the production of other reactive species, including nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide and peroxy nitrite, causing aggravation of the myocardial damage. In addition, free-radical-mediated platelet activation in the narrowed arteries culminates in acute myocardial infarction and stroke, indirectly affecting cardiac function. This chapter focuses on various aspects of the oxidative stress induced by reactive species during the pathogenesis of diabetic CM.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Title of host publicationDiabetes
Subtitle of host publicationOxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants
PublisherElsevier
Pages25-32
Number of pages8
ISBN (Print)9780124058859
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2013

Keywords

  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Diabetic cardiomyopathy
  • Free radical
  • Oxidative stress
  • Peroxy nitrite
  • Superoxide

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Dentistry(all)
  • Medicine(all)

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