Developing a healthy food access index (HFAI): Web-based mapping and future directions for AI integrations

Food insecurity remains a pressing issue in urban communities, particularly in underserved areas with limited access to healthy and affordable food. This study introduces a comprehensive approach to assessing and addressing food access challenges in the Greater Houston region by developing a Healthy Food Access Index (HFAI). The HFAI incorporates a wide range of data sources, including economic and sociocultural deprivation indices, retail food environment measures, physical access indicators, and accommodation access data, that offer a multidimensional understanding of food access. Using GIS-based mapping and hot spot analysis, we identify areas of critical need, highlighting significant disparities in food access and health across the region. We also present the web-based platform, “AI-FEED,” designed to support community leaders and urban planners by visualizing food access challenges and providing AI-driven suggestions for optimizing food pantry placements, incentivizing healthy options at dollar stores, and improving public transit routes. This platform integrates real-time data, offering dynamic and proactive solutions to enhance food security and improve public health outcomes. Our study introduces the importance of targeted, data-driven interventions in addressing food insecurity and demonstrates the potential of AI and digital platforms in supporting sustainable urban food systems.