TY - JOUR
T1 - Design of bio-mimetic particles with enhanced vascular interaction
AU - Lee, Sei Young
AU - Ferrari, Mauro
AU - Decuzzi, Paolo
N1 - Funding Information:
This work has been supported by the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) through the Grant no. W3 1P4Q-07-1-0008–“Bio-GEO”: Understanding the Effect of Size and Shape in Biological Systems to Learn Fabricating Bio-Mimetic Artificial Systems with Superior Properties”. PD was also supported by the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, as part of the European Science Foundation EUROCORES Programme FANAS and the EC Sixth Framework Programme, under Contract N. ERAS-CT-2003-980409.
PY - 2009/8/25
Y1 - 2009/8/25
N2 - The majority of particle-based delivery systems for the 'smart' administration of therapeutic and imaging agents have a spherical shape, are made by polymeric or lipid materials, have a size in the order of few hundreds of nanometers and a negligibly small relative density to aqueous solutions. In the microcirculation and deep airways of the lungs, where the creeping flow assumption holds, such small spheres move by following the flow stream lines and are not affected by external volume force fields. A delivery system should be designed to drift across the stream lines and interact repeatedly with the vessel walls, so that vascular interaction could be enhanced. The numerical approach presented in [Gavze, E., Shapiro, M., 1997. Particles in a shear flow near a solid wall: effect of nonsphericity on forces and velocities. International Journal of Multiphase Flow 23, 155-182.] is, here, proposed as a tool to analyze the dynamics of arbitrarily shaped particles in a creeping flow, and has been extended to include the contribution of external force fields. As an example, ellipsoidal particles with aspect ratio 0.5 are considered. In the absence of external volume forces, a net lateral drift (margination) of the particles has been observed for Stokes number larger than unity (St>1); whereas, for smaller St, the particles oscillate with no net lateral motion. Under these conditions, margination is governed solely by particle inertia (geometry and particle-to-fluid density ratio). In the presence of volume forces, even for fairly small St, margination is observed but in a direction dictated by the external force field. It is concluded that a fine balance between size, shape and density can lead to EVI particles (particles with enhanced vascular interaction) that are able to sense endothelial cells for biological and biophysical abnormalities, mimicking circulating platelets and leukocytes.
AB - The majority of particle-based delivery systems for the 'smart' administration of therapeutic and imaging agents have a spherical shape, are made by polymeric or lipid materials, have a size in the order of few hundreds of nanometers and a negligibly small relative density to aqueous solutions. In the microcirculation and deep airways of the lungs, where the creeping flow assumption holds, such small spheres move by following the flow stream lines and are not affected by external volume force fields. A delivery system should be designed to drift across the stream lines and interact repeatedly with the vessel walls, so that vascular interaction could be enhanced. The numerical approach presented in [Gavze, E., Shapiro, M., 1997. Particles in a shear flow near a solid wall: effect of nonsphericity on forces and velocities. International Journal of Multiphase Flow 23, 155-182.] is, here, proposed as a tool to analyze the dynamics of arbitrarily shaped particles in a creeping flow, and has been extended to include the contribution of external force fields. As an example, ellipsoidal particles with aspect ratio 0.5 are considered. In the absence of external volume forces, a net lateral drift (margination) of the particles has been observed for Stokes number larger than unity (St>1); whereas, for smaller St, the particles oscillate with no net lateral motion. Under these conditions, margination is governed solely by particle inertia (geometry and particle-to-fluid density ratio). In the presence of volume forces, even for fairly small St, margination is observed but in a direction dictated by the external force field. It is concluded that a fine balance between size, shape and density can lead to EVI particles (particles with enhanced vascular interaction) that are able to sense endothelial cells for biological and biophysical abnormalities, mimicking circulating platelets and leukocytes.
KW - Creeping flow
KW - Drug delivery
KW - Nanoparticle
KW - Shape
KW - Transport
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.05.012
DO - 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.05.012
M3 - Article
C2 - 19523635
AN - SCOPUS:68149162731
VL - 42
SP - 1885
EP - 1890
JO - Journal of Biomechanics
JF - Journal of Biomechanics
SN - 0021-9290
IS - 12
ER -