Clinical Outcomes in Early Breast Cancer with a High 21-Gene Recurrence Score of 26 to 100 Assigned to Adjuvant Chemotherapy Plus Endocrine Therapy: A Secondary Analysis of the TAILORx Randomized Clinical Trial

Joseph A. Sparano, Robert J. Gray, Della F. Makower, Kathy S. Albain, Thomas J. Saphner, Sunil S. Badve, Lynne I. Wagner, Virginia G. Kaklamani, MacCon M. Keane, Henry L. Gomez, Pavan S. Reddy, Timothy F. Goggins, Ingrid A. Mayer, Deborah L. Toppmeyer, Adam M. Brufsky, Matthew P. Goetz, Jeffrey L. Berenberg, Catalin Mahalcioiu, Christine Desbiens, Daniel F. HayesElizabeth C. Dees, Charles Geyer, John A. Olson, William C. Wood, Tracy Lively, Soonmyung Paik, Matthew J. Ellis, Jeffrey Abrams, George W. Sledge

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

111 Scopus citations

Abstract

Importance: A high 21-gene recurrence score (RS) by breast cancer assay is prognostic for distant recurrence of early breast cancer after local therapy and endocrine therapy alone, and for chemotherapy benefit.

Objective: To describe clinical outcomes for women with a high RS who received adjuvant chemotherapy plus endocrine therapy in the TAILORx trial, a population expected to have a high distant recurrence rate with endocrine therapy alone.

Design, Setting, and Participants: In this secondary analysis of data from a multicenter randomized clinical trial, 1389 women with hormone receptor-positive, ERBB2-negative, axillary node-negative breast cancer, and a high RS of 26 to 100 were prospectively assigned to receive adjuvant chemotherapy in addition to endocrine therapy. The analysis was conducted on May 12, 2019.

Interventions: The adjuvant chemotherapy regimen was selected by the treating physician.

Main Outcomes and Measures: Freedom from recurrence of breast cancer at a distant site, and freedom from recurrence, second primary cancer, and death (also known as invasive disease-free survival [IDFS]).

Results: Among the 9719 eligible women, with a mean age of 56 years (range 23-75 years), 1389 (14%) had a recurrence score of 26 to 100, of whom 598 (42%) had an RS of 26 to 30 and 791 (58%) had an RS of 31 to 100. The most common chemotherapy regimens included docetaxel/cyclophosphamide in 589 (42%), an anthracycline without a taxane in 334 (24%), an anthracycline and taxane in 244 (18%), cyclophosphamide/methotrexate/5-fluorouracil in 52 (4%), other regimens in 81 (6%), and no chemotherapy in 89 (6%). At 5 years, the estimated rate of freedom from recurrence of breast cancer at a distant site was 93.0% (standard error [SE], 0.8%), freedom of recurrence of breast cancer at a distant and/or local regional site 91.0% (SE, 0.8%), IDFS 87.6% (SE, 1.0%), and overall survival 95.9% (SE, 0.6%).

Conclusions and Relevance: The estimated rate of freedom from recurrence of breast cancer at a distant site in women with an RS of 26 to 100 treated largely with taxane and/or anthracycline-containing adjuvant chemotherapy regimens plus endocrine therapy in the prospective TAILORx trial was 93% at 5 years, an outcome better than expected with endocrine therapy alone in this population.

Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00310180.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)367-374
Number of pages8
JournalJAMA oncology
Volume6
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Mar 1 2020

Keywords

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Anthracyclines/therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
  • Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
  • Bridged-Ring Compounds/therapeutic use
  • Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use
  • Docetaxel/therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil/therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Methotrexate/therapeutic use
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics
  • Taxoids/therapeutic use
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Clinical Outcomes in Early Breast Cancer with a High 21-Gene Recurrence Score of 26 to 100 Assigned to Adjuvant Chemotherapy Plus Endocrine Therapy: A Secondary Analysis of the TAILORx Randomized Clinical Trial'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this