Biophysical attributes of an in vitro spinal cord surrogate for use in developing an intradural neuromodulation system

M. A. Howard; M. Utz; T. J. Brennan; B. D. Dalm; S. Viljoen; J. K. Kanwal; G. T. Gillies

doi:10.1063/1.3642976

Biophysical attributes of an in vitro spinal cord surrogate for use in developing an intradural neuromodulation system

M. A. Howard, M. Utz, T. J. Brennan, B. D. Dalm, S. Viljoen, J. K. Kanwal, G. T. Gillies

Academic Institute

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

15 Scopus citations

Abstract

We have developed a spinal cord surrogate for use in testing a pial-surface spinal cord stimulator. Our surrogate is of a commercially available silicone mix, has an oval cross-sectional area that matches that of actual human spinal cord at the lower thoracic level, and has measured values of durometer A (10.96 ± 1.68), durometer O (14.76 ± 1.48), and durometer OO (50.24 ± 2.65). These correspond to model-inferred elastic moduli of 0.41 to 0.44 MPa, which match well with the existing low-strain rate measurements of ex vivo human spinal cord. Upcoming applications for this surrogate in developmental studies of the new stimulator system are discussed.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	074701
Journal	Journal of Applied Physics
Volume	110
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3642976
State	Published - Oct 1 2011

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Physics and Astronomy

Access to Document

10.1063/1.3642976

Cite this

@article{0148fa722fee4b3c8f84e5a850a9e7a0,

title = "Biophysical attributes of an in vitro spinal cord surrogate for use in developing an intradural neuromodulation system",

abstract = "We have developed a spinal cord surrogate for use in testing a pial-surface spinal cord stimulator. Our surrogate is of a commercially available silicone mix, has an oval cross-sectional area that matches that of actual human spinal cord at the lower thoracic level, and has measured values of durometer A (10.96 ± 1.68), durometer O (14.76 ± 1.48), and durometer OO (50.24 ± 2.65). These correspond to model-inferred elastic moduli of 0.41 to 0.44 MPa, which match well with the existing low-strain rate measurements of ex vivo human spinal cord. Upcoming applications for this surrogate in developmental studies of the new stimulator system are discussed.",

author = "Howard, {M. A.} and M. Utz and Brennan, {T. J.} and Dalm, {B. D.} and S. Viljoen and Kanwal, {J. K.} and Gillies, {G. T.}",

note = "Funding Information: We thank our colleagues D.J. O{\textquoteright}Connell (Neuroventures LLC), R.S. Nelson, S. Scott, R. Shurig (Evergreen Medical Technologies LLC), and S. Sheehan (University of Iowa) for several useful technical discussions. This work was funded in part by the University of Iowa GIVF Seed Funds program, the University of Virginia Biomedical Innovation Fund, and the Kopf Family Foundation, Inc.",

year = "2011",

month = oct,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1063/1.3642976",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "110",

journal = "Journal of Applied Physics",

issn = "0021-8979",

publisher = "American Institute of Physics",

number = "7",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Biophysical attributes of an in vitro spinal cord surrogate for use in developing an intradural neuromodulation system

AU - Howard, M. A.

AU - Utz, M.

AU - Brennan, T. J.

AU - Dalm, B. D.

AU - Viljoen, S.

AU - Kanwal, J. K.

AU - Gillies, G. T.

N1 - Funding Information: We thank our colleagues D.J. O’Connell (Neuroventures LLC), R.S. Nelson, S. Scott, R. Shurig (Evergreen Medical Technologies LLC), and S. Sheehan (University of Iowa) for several useful technical discussions. This work was funded in part by the University of Iowa GIVF Seed Funds program, the University of Virginia Biomedical Innovation Fund, and the Kopf Family Foundation, Inc.

PY - 2011/10/1

Y1 - 2011/10/1

N2 - We have developed a spinal cord surrogate for use in testing a pial-surface spinal cord stimulator. Our surrogate is of a commercially available silicone mix, has an oval cross-sectional area that matches that of actual human spinal cord at the lower thoracic level, and has measured values of durometer A (10.96 ± 1.68), durometer O (14.76 ± 1.48), and durometer OO (50.24 ± 2.65). These correspond to model-inferred elastic moduli of 0.41 to 0.44 MPa, which match well with the existing low-strain rate measurements of ex vivo human spinal cord. Upcoming applications for this surrogate in developmental studies of the new stimulator system are discussed.

AB - We have developed a spinal cord surrogate for use in testing a pial-surface spinal cord stimulator. Our surrogate is of a commercially available silicone mix, has an oval cross-sectional area that matches that of actual human spinal cord at the lower thoracic level, and has measured values of durometer A (10.96 ± 1.68), durometer O (14.76 ± 1.48), and durometer OO (50.24 ± 2.65). These correspond to model-inferred elastic moduli of 0.41 to 0.44 MPa, which match well with the existing low-strain rate measurements of ex vivo human spinal cord. Upcoming applications for this surrogate in developmental studies of the new stimulator system are discussed.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=80054983127&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=80054983127&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1063/1.3642976

DO - 10.1063/1.3642976

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:80054983127

SN - 0021-8979

VL - 110

JO - Journal of Applied Physics

JF - Journal of Applied Physics

IS - 7

M1 - 074701

ER -

Biophysical attributes of an in vitro spinal cord surrogate for use in developing an intradural neuromodulation system

Abstract

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this