Antimicrobial peptides and vaccine development to control multi-drug resistant bacteria

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) reported to increase globally at alarming levels in the recent past. A number of potential alternative solutions discussed and implemented to control AMR in bacterial pathogens. Stringent control over the clinical application of antibiotics for a reduction in uses is a special consideration along with alternative solutions to fight against AMR. Although alternatives to conventional antibiotics like Antimicrobial Peptides (AMP) might warrant serious consideration to fight against AMR, there is a thriving recognition for vaccines in encountering the problem of AMR. Vaccines can reduce the prevalence of AMR by reducing the number of specific pathogens, which result in cutting down the antimicrobial need and uses. However, conventional vaccines produced using live or attenuated microorganisms while the presence of immunologically redundant biological components or impurities might cause major side effects and health related problems. Here we discussed AMPs based vaccination strategies as an emerging concept to overcome the disadvantages of traditional vaccines while boosting the AMPs to control multidrug resistant bacteria or AMR. Nevertheless, the poor immune response is a major challenge in the case of peptide vaccines as minimal antigenic epitopes used for immunization in peptide vaccines.