TY - JOUR
T1 - An update on tardive dyskinesia
T2 - From phenomenology to treatment
AU - Waln, Olga
AU - Jankovic, Joseph
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - Tardive dyskinesia (TD), characterized by oro-buccal-lingual stereotypy, can manifest in the form of akathisia, dystonia, tics, tremor, chorea, or as a combination of different types of abnormal movements. In addition to movement disorders (including involuntary vocalizations), patients with TD may have a variety of sensory symptoms, such as urge to move (as in akathisia), paresthesias, and pain. TD is a form of tardive syndrome-a group of iatrogenic hyperkinetic and hypokinetic movement disorders caused by dopamine receptor-blocking agents. The pathophysiology of TD remains poorly understood, and treatment of this condition is often challenging. In this update, we provide the most current information on the history, nomenclature, etiology, pathophysiology, epidemiology, phenomenology, differential diagnosis, and treatment of TD.
AB - Tardive dyskinesia (TD), characterized by oro-buccal-lingual stereotypy, can manifest in the form of akathisia, dystonia, tics, tremor, chorea, or as a combination of different types of abnormal movements. In addition to movement disorders (including involuntary vocalizations), patients with TD may have a variety of sensory symptoms, such as urge to move (as in akathisia), paresthesias, and pain. TD is a form of tardive syndrome-a group of iatrogenic hyperkinetic and hypokinetic movement disorders caused by dopamine receptor-blocking agents. The pathophysiology of TD remains poorly understood, and treatment of this condition is often challenging. In this update, we provide the most current information on the history, nomenclature, etiology, pathophysiology, epidemiology, phenomenology, differential diagnosis, and treatment of TD.
KW - Akathisia
KW - Dopamine receptor-blocking agents
KW - Dystonia
KW - Neuroleptics
KW - Tardive dyskinesia
KW - Tardive syndrome
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U2 - 10.5334/TOHM.165
DO - 10.5334/TOHM.165
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85114484996
SN - 2160-8288
VL - 1
JO - Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
JF - Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
IS - 1
ER -