@article{6915d9230efd43e6b91af92b642aacd9,
title = "Adipose-derived stem cells delay muscle atrophy after peripheral nerve injury in the rodent model",
abstract = "Introduction: Injuries to peripheral nerves cause distal muscle atrophy. The effects of adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) injections into a muscle after injury were examined. Methods: A 1.5 cm defect in the rat sciatic nerve was created, resulting in gastrocnemius muscle atrophy. The nerve defect was repaired with autograft; DiR-labeled ASCs were injected into the gastrocnemius immediately postoperatively. Quantitation of gross musculature and muscle fiber area, cell survival, fibrosis, lipid deposition, inflammation, and reconstructive responses were investigated. Results: ASCs were identified in the muscle at 6 weeks, where injections showed increased muscle mass percentage retained, larger average fiber area, and less overall lipid content accumulated throughout the musculature. Muscles having received ASCs showed increased presence of interlukin-10 and Ki67, and decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Discussion: This investigation is suggestive that an ASC injection into denervated muscle post-operatively is able to delay the onset of atrophy. Muscle Nerve 59:603–603, 2019.",
keywords = "Adipose-Derived Stem Cells, Macrophage Remodeling, Muscle Atrophy, Muscle Fiber Area, Peripheral Nerve Injury",
author = "Schilling, {Benjamin K.} and Schusterman, {M. Asher} and Kim, {Deok Yeol} and Repko, {Alexander J.} and Klett, {Katarina C.} and Christ, {George J.} and Marra, {Kacey G.}",
note = "Funding Information: This research was funded by the Plastic Surgery Foundation (PSF), award number 414208. The authors wish to thank the Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, for use of equipment to image IHC and IF, Ryan Schroth for assistance with culture and expansion of adipose-derived stem cells and DiR labeling, and Damian Grybowski for assistance with histology, processing, and sectioning. Funding Information: Clinical challenges remain for restoring muscle after PNI-induced denervation. Exercise therapies, electrostimulation, and muscular re-education each have drawbacks for restoring function, and can fail to mitigate denervation. Within the microenvironment of human muscle, denervation-induced atrophy shows a reduction of approximately 70% of the overall fiber cross-sectional area at 2 months after trauma. Similarly appreciable discrepancies in muscle size can be visualized in Figure. Normalized muscle masses showed that the Autograft & 1 Injection into the gastrocnemius immediately after autograft therapy was superior to other therapies (Figure), and were consistent with those presented in a recent study that also injected ASCs into the gastrocnemius after sciatic nerve injury. This model utilized a smaller, 1.0 cm nerve defect, and their functional results showed some ASC-mediated repair based on walking track accuracy, but were not compared to animals not having denervated muscle. Interestingly, the cohort that received 2 injections of ASCs did not provide superior mass results relative to a single injection of ASCs. Rather this cohort performed similarly to the Autograft Only cohort. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.",
year = "2019",
month = may,
doi = "10.1002/mus.26432",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "59",
pages = "603--610",
journal = "Muscle and Nerve",
issn = "0148-639X",
publisher = "Wiley",
number = "5",
}