A narrative review of persistent pain and overall quality of life after temporomandibular joint replacement

Objective: Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) sheds light on the multifaceted nature of conditions affecting the jaw joint and surrounding structures, which significantly impairs overall quality of life (OQoL). In addressing end-stage TMD, temporomandibular alloplastic total joint replacement (TMJR) surgery has emerged as a viable intervention, offering the potential for improved OQoL, reduced pain, and enhanced oral function and mandibular form. Custom TMJR devices have gained prominence due to their ability to mimic natural joint anatomy, optimizing functional outcomes and reducing complications. Study design: This study intended to make a narrative review of literature over chronic pain post-TMJR and overall quality of life. Results: A total of 37 articles were identified that met the screening criteria, with a total of 1194 patients evaluated, with a mean of post-TMJR follow-up of 54.66 months. Psychological factors, such as catastrophizing and depression, play significant roles in pain persistence, emphasizing the importance of holistic patient care. Additionally, extrinsic factors like prior misdiagnosis and complex regional pain syndrome contribute to postoperative pain, necessitating comprehensive management approaches. Conclusions: Despite challenges, long-term studies consistently highlight the successful outcomes of TMJR surgeries, underscoring the need for continued research to optimize outcomes and enhance patient well-being.